Across
- 4. First ten amendments to the Constitution, which provide basic political rights.
- 5. System of government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between national and state governments.
- 8. Gives Congress the power to tax to provide for the general welfare.
- 12. Initially, those who supported the Constitution during the ratification period; later, the name of the political party established by supporters of Alexander Hamilton.
- 15. Compromise over slavery at the Constitutional Convention that granted states extra representation in the House of Representatives based on their number of slaves at the ratio of three-fifths.
- 20. Meeting in 1787 at which twelve states intended to revise the Articles of Confederation but ended up proposing an entirely new Constitution.
- 21. Authority of the president to block legislation passed by Congress. Congress can override a veto by two-thirds majority in each chamber.
- 23. Powers expressly granted to Congress by the Constitution.
- 24. Form of government in which power derives from citizens, but public officials make policy and govern according to existing law.
- 25. The presidential electors, selected to represent the votes of their respective states, who meet every four years to cast the electoral votes for president and vice president.
- 28. To formally withdraw from a nation-state.
- 29. Right of states to invalidate acts of Congress they believe to be illegal.
Down
- 1. Powers held by both the national and state government in a federal system.
- 2. Powers not expressly granted to Congress but added through the necessary and proper clause.
- 3. Authority of courts to declare laws passed by Congress and acts of the executive branch to be unconstitutional.
- 6. Those who opposed the new proposed Constitution during the ratification period.
- 7. Gives Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper to the powers enumerated in section 8.
- 9. System of government in which ultimate authority rests with the regional governments.
- 10. System of government in which ultimate authority rests with the national government.
- 11. Government structure in which authority is divide among branches (executive, legislative, and judicial), with each holding separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility.
- 13. Government structure that authorizes each branch of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) to share powers with the other branches, thereby holding some scrutiny of and control over the other branches.
- 14. The 1776 document declaring American independence from Great Britain and calling for equality, human rights, and citizen participation.
- 16. Compromise on legislative representation whereby the lower chamber is base on population, and the upper chamber provides equal representation to the states.
- 17. Initial governing authority of the United States, 1781-88
- 18. Broad coalitions of interests organized to win elections in order to enact a commonly supported set of public policies.
- 19. Rule by the people.
- 22. Powers retained by the states under the constitution.
- 26. Document or set of documents that establish the basic rules and procedures for how a society shall be governed.
- 27. Formal process of changing the Constitution