Gene Expression & Regulation

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Across
  1. 2. -the process by which the genetic instructions stored in our DNA are converted into functional products, like proteins.
  2. 8. -the intricate process cells use to control the timing, location, and amount of gene expression.
  3. 10. -a vital enzyme that acts as a microscopic "writer" in your cell.
  4. 11. -a sequence of three adjacent nucleotides located on a transfer RNA molecule.
  5. 12. -the post-transcriptional modification of primary RNA molecules in the eukaryotic cell.
  6. 13. -the foundational biological process where a cell copies a specific segment of DNA into a complementary strand of RNA.
  7. 16. -the parent strand that runs in the 3' to 5' directions.
  8. 17. -the active, Y-shaped structure tat forms during DNA replication.
  9. 19. -the process by which a cell decodes genetic instructions carried by mRNA to build proteins.
  10. 20. -a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is physically separate from chromosomal DNA.
Down
  1. 1. -an essential enzyme that acts as biological "glue"
  2. 3. -an essential motor enzyme that unzips and unwinds double-stranded nucleic acids into single strands.
  3. 4. -a small RNA molecule that acts as a physical bridge between the genetic code and the proteins our bodies build
  4. 5. -a non-codon type of RNA that serves as the primary structural and catalytic component of ribosomes.
  5. 6. -a molecule that carries instructions from DNA in the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm, telling the cell what proteins to make.
  6. 7. -an essential enzyme that regulates the winding tension and structural topology of DNA during critical cellular processes like replication and transcription.
  7. 9. -the strand of DNA synthesized discontinuously in short segments, known as Okazaki fragments, during DNA replication.
  8. 14. -an essential enzyme that synthesize an RNA strand from DNA template during transcription.
  9. 15. -a short, single-stranded nucleic acid that serves as the necessary starting point for DNA synthesis.
  10. 18. -a specific sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in DNA or RNA that acts as a "three-letter word" in the genetic code.