Across
- 1. Cancer that has spread from where it started (the primary site) to other parts of the body. When the cancer has grown outside the body part where it started but has not yet spread to other parts of the body, it is called locally advanced cancer. If it has spread to other parts of the body, it is called metastatic cancer.
- 3. An imaging test that takes many x-rays from different angles. These images are combined by a computer to make 3-dimensional (3-D) pictures of internal organs and tissues. They can help doctors find cancers, show things like a tumor’s shape and size, or find out how well treatment is working.
- 6. Test and analysis done in a laboratory setting; it is the process of obtaining blood for testing.
- 7. Anything that increases the chance of getting a disease such as cancer. For example, unprotected exposure to strong sunlight is a risk factor for skin cancer; smoking is a risk factor for lung, mouth, throat, and other cancers. Some, such as smoking and being inactive, can be controlled. Others, like a person’s age and gene mutations they were born with, can’t be changed.
- 9. Unwanted effects of treatment such as hair loss low blood counts, and fatigue (extreme tiredness) and rashes.
- 12. In place; localized and confined to one area. Not considered cancer but can increase the risk of cancer developing later.
- 13. Health care focused on improving quality of life by managing the symptoms of a serious illness and side effects of treatment. Can be given at any time during an illness when a person has symptoms that need to be controlled. It helps a patient feel more comfortable but does not cure the disease.
- 15. Small bean-shaped collection of immune system tissue, such as lymphocytes, found throughout the body along lymphatic vessels. They remove cell waste, germs, and other harmful substances from lymph. They help fight infections and also have a role in fighting cancer, although cancers can spread through them.
- 16. Cancer treatment using medicines that block or alter hormones to help kill or slow the growth of cancer cells that depend on hormones.
- 17. Tests to see how a person’s cancer will grow and which treatment might work best. It looks at all of a person's genes. Testing is often done on a sample of the tumor (from a biopsy or surgery) if possible, but it might also be done using a sample of blood, saliva, or other body fluids.
Down
- 2. Treatment used in addition to the main treatment. It usually refers to hormone therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or immunotherapy added after surgery to increase the chances of curing the disease or keeping it in check.
- 4. Tests, examinations, or procedures used to find cancer in people who have no symptoms. Screening increases the chances of finding certain cancers early, when they are small, have not spread, and might be easier to treat. This is different from diagnostic testing which focuses on trying to find out the cause of a person’s symptoms.
- 5. Treatment or care process that medical experts accept as the appropriate treatment for a disease at a certain time.
- 8. The reduction of cancer risk by eliminating or reducing contact with things known to cause cancer, by changing conditions that contribute to cancer (such as obesity or lack of exercise), or by using medicines that interfere with cancer development. Lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking, for example, reduces the number of people who will get lung and other cancers.
- 9. A test that makes detailed pictures of parts of internal body organs. Includes computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and nuclear medicine scans (such as bone scans and liver scans).
- 10. Spreading or growing disease, with or without treatment.
- 11. Finding disease at an early stage, when it is easier to treat, before it has grown large or spread. Certain tests are used before a person has any symptoms to try to find cancer early.
- 14. Cancer that develops, grows, or spreads quickly.