Across
- 3. Not cancer; not malignant.
- 5. Test and analysis done in a laboratory setting; it is the process of obtaining blood for testing.
- 9. Treatment used in addition to the main treatment. It usually refers to hormone therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or immunotherapy added after surgery to increase the chances of curing the disease or keeping it in check.
- 10. A foreign substance that causes the body’s immune system to respond by making antibodies. For example, the immune system responds to those that are part of bacteria and viruses to help people resist infections. Certain cancer cells have antigens that can be found by lab tests. These can help in diagnosing those cancers and in watching response to treatment. Other cancer cell antigens play a role in immune reactions that may help the body resist cancer.
- 11. An imaging test that takes many x-rays from different angles. These images are combined by a computer to make 3-dimensional (3-D) pictures of internal organs and tissues. They can help doctors find cancers, show things like a tumor’s shape and size, or find out how well treatment is working.
- 12. Cancer cells that spread from the primary site where they started to other parts of the body through the lymph system or bloodstream.
- 13. The likely course of a disease, including the chance for recovery or of the cancer coming back.
- 14. The technique and process of imaging the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention.
- 17. When a cancer that was not detectable after treatment comes back. It may come back where it first started or in a different part of the body.
Down
- 1. Cancerous; dangerous or likely to cause death if untreated.
- 2. Tests, examinations, or procedures used to find cancer in people who have no symptoms. Screening increases the chances of finding certain cancers early, when they are small, have not spread, and might be easier to treat. This is different from diagnostic testing which focuses on trying to find out the cause of a person’s symptoms.
- 4. The size of a cancer and if and where it has spread from the primary site. A clinical stage is based on results of the physical exam, biopsy and imaging tests. A pathologic stage is based on how the cells in the tissue samples from surgery or a biopsy look under a microscope.
- 6. A method of taking cross-section pictures of the inside of the body. Instead of using x-rays, it uses strong magnets to make images. The images appear on a computer screen as well as on film. It creates pictures of soft tissue parts of the body that are sometimes hard to see using other imaging tests.
- 7. An abnormal growth of tissue. They can be benign (not cancer) or malignant (cancer).
- 8. Cancer antigen 125; a protein that is measured in the blood through a Ca-125 test; elevated levels of this can indicate the presence of cancer.
- 9. A protein made by immune system cells and released into the blood. They defend the body against foreign agents, such as bacteria and are produced in response to antigens (substances that cause the body’s immune system to respond in a specific way). Each one can only work to destroy one certain antigen.
- 15. Any sort of lump or abnormal growth of tissue, which may or may not be cancer.
- 16. In place; localized and confined to one area. Not considered cancer but can increase the risk of cancer developing later.