Genetic Analysis

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Across
  1. 5. In ABC triple mutants, all whorls form leaf-like ______.
  2. 8. A and C-class gene activity in flower development is mutually ________.
  3. 10. In a BC ______ mutant, all whorls will be sepals.
  4. 11. a reverse genetic screen where the enzymes involved are known and genes are selected to be mutated.
  5. 12. In an AC double mutant, _______ organs are produced. Includes leaf-like carpels and petal-like stamens.
  6. 13. indicates when the genetic screen is close to all genes having been identified. Indicated when the efficiency of finding additional genes decreases as the screen continues (as more chromosomes are tested).
  7. 15. floral mutant affecting 2 inner whorls, when stamens become petals and carpels become sepals. Due to an expansion of class C expression.
  8. 16. In temperature shift experiments, yeast cells with the same mutation will grow and divide at the permissive temperature. Once moving to the restrictive temperature, cells will eventually all arrest at the same stage of the cell ________. The mutation will be in a gene encoding a product that is needed for that stage of the cell cycle.
  9. 18. experimental strategy to find and select for an organism with a mutant phenotype of interest. Mutations are induced in a population that is then surveyed to identify mutants with the altered phenotype. [2 words]
  10. 20. genes in fruit fly where wild type divide pairs of segments into segments and define pattern within segments. Mutants have altered regions within a segment.
Down
  1. 1. a forward genetic screen where genes are unknown and organisms are treated with a mutagen.
  2. 2. genes in fruit fly where wild type establishes pattern in broad area and mutants cause loss of broad region that would cover several segments later in development.
  3. 3. temperature-sensitive mutants are a type of ______ mutation. This is because at regular temperatures the protein product has full function but with higher temperatures the protein product destabilises and has no functional ability.
  4. 4. floral mutant affecting the 2 outer whorls, where sepals become carpels and petals become stamens. [hyphenated]
  5. 6. may mean a gene that plays a role in a process may not be identified in a screen. For example, if one of two similar genes is knocked out, the phenotype may remain unaffected.
  6. 7. genes in fruit fly where wild type establishes identity of a region. Mutants have a region of an embryo that changes identity.
  7. 9. genes in fruit fly where wild type establish greater definition in embryo after the action of gap genes. Mutants will be missing every second segment. [hyphenated]
  8. 14. describes a gene with multiple functions and may mean a gene that plays a role in a process may not be identified in a screen.
  9. 17. used to randomly mutagenise wild type organisms in Beadle's screen. [hyphenated]
  10. 19. ________ cells are used in genetic screens of eukaryotes ideally so that each mutation can affect the phenotype. They also have a short generation time.