Genetics

2. passing of genetic information from parents to their children
5. Covers over other gene; trait always is expressed (present) when allele is dominant; listed as an uppercase letter (i.e. RR)
8. form of a gene on a chromosome
11. A scientist who has special training in the study of genes and heredity
14. One trait does not completely dominate over the other. They blend together. Doesn’t happen in humans.
15. genetically modified organism, is a plant, animal, microorganism or other organism whose genetic makeup has been modified in a laboratory using genetic engineering
16. Two different alleles for a trait (Rr)
18. the study of how your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work. Your genes cant change, but you can affect how they are expressed with your choices and your environment. Epigenomes can change based on life factors.
19. Gene that is covered by another gene, trait is not expressed if there is a dominant allele, listed as lower case letters (i.e. rr)
21. There are some traits where many different genes are responsible for the trait that is expressed. So many different genes are responsible for how your eyes are colored, the color of your hair, etc.

1. Change in the number or structure of chromosomes. These Examples are when an extra chromosome is present: down syndrome; trisomy 13 - patau, trisomy 18 - edwards
3. square Shows the possible outcomes of a genetic cross in an offspring
4. A tool that can trace traits in families like the history of which family members carried a disease
6. When there are more than two forms of a trait; largest example is blood type (more than two types of blood)
7. Disease carried on the X or Y chromosome (23rd chromosomes that determine your gender male/female); affect anything with a gender like humans, animals, insects. Remember the father determines the gender of the baby with the Y chromosome. Examples include colorblindness, baldness, hemophelia
9. Where are genes located
10. how genes and how traits are passed down
12. Mendel Father of Genetics
13. The genetic makeup of an organism; represented by the letters in the punnett square (i.e. RR)
17. How the gene is expressed (the actual trait or outcome - i.e. brown hair)
20. A karyotype is an individual's complete set of chromosomes. The term also refers to a laboratory-produced image of a person's chromosomes isolated from an individual cell and arranged in numerical order. A karyotype may be used to look for abnormalities in chromosome number or structure.