Genetics

2. A laboratory technique used to produce an image of an individual's full set of chromosomes to look for abnormalities.
4. Having two identical versions (alleles) of a specific gene (e.g. two "blue eyed" genes).
6. A specialized type of cell division that creates sperm and egg cells, each with half the original amount of DNA.
7. Describes a pair of chromosomes (one from each parent) that are similar in shape and carry the same types of genes.
11. The "control center" of a cell where the genetic material (DNA) is stored.
12. The study of what is "right" or "wrong" in science, especially regarding how we use genetic technology like cloning or gene editing.
15. The process of creating an exact genetic copy of an organism or cell.
16. The observable physical characteristics or traits of an organism (e.g. blue eyes or brown eyes).
17. The molecule that carries the genetic "blueprint" or instructions for building and operating an organism.
18. A type of reproduction involving only one parent, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.

1. A long, thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins. Humans typically have 23 pairs.
3. A trait that only shows up if an organism has two copies of that gene and is hidden if a "dominant" gene is present.
5. A type of cell division that results in two identical "daughter" cells, used for growth and repair.
8. A random change in the DNA sequence that can lead to new beneficial or harmful traits.
9. Specific segments of DNA that act as individual instructions for particular traits.
10. The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before it divides.
13. Using living organisms or biological systems to develop products or technology (like medicines or drought-resistant crops).
14. Relating to the patterns of inheritance discovered by Gregor Mendel.