Across
- 1. a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
- 3. having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes.
- 5. the genetic constitution of an individual organism.
- 7. ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic information.
- 8. any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that have large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms, especially as structural components of body tissues such as muscle, hair, etc., and as enzymes and antibodies.
- 10. a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
- 11. a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
- 13. the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.
- 15. the process by which a cell makes an RNA copy of a piece of DNA.
- 17. a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
Down
- 1. the process by which the genome's DNA is copied in cells
- 2. consists of a series of steps during which the chromosomes and other cell material double to make two copies.
- 4. a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
- 5. a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
- 6. a substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
- 8. Synthesis the process by which amino acids are linearly arranged into proteins through the involvement of ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA,
- 9. having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes.
- 12. A type of RNA found in cells. mRNA molecules carry the genetic information needed to make proteins.
- 13. a small RNA molecule that plays a key role in protein synthesis.
- 14. one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
- 16. a person's child or children.