Genetics and heredity

3. the process by which the genome's DNA is copied in cells.
5. the process in which cells make proteins.
8. the relationship between two versions of a gene.
10. a biological catalyst and is almost always a protein.
11. a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
15. having different alleles for a particular trait.
17. The process by which a single parent cell divides to make two new daughter cells.
18. The basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child.
19. a biomolecule comprised of amino acid residues joined together by peptide bonds.

1. the process by which a cell makes an RNA copy of a piece of DNA.
2. A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell.
4. the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.
6. a small RNA molecule that plays a key role in protein synthesis.
7. refers to certain patterns of how traits are passed from parents to offspring.
9. a type of single-stranded RNA involved in protein synthesis.
12. One of two or more DNA sequences occurring at a particular gene locus.
13. a trait that is expressed only when genotype is homozygous
14. The presence of two identical alleles at a particular gene locus.
16. A special form of cell division in which each daughter cell receives half the amount of DNA as the parent cell.
20. ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic information.