Genetics Review

3. a cell or organism that contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, typical of somatic (body) cells.
7. a form of dominance where both alleles in a heterozygous individual are fully expressed, leading to a phenotype that displays both traits simultaneously.
8. an Austrian monk and scientist known as the "Father of Genetics" for his foundational work in the study of inheritance patterns in pea plants
10. having two different alleles for a particular gene, one dominant and one recessive.
12. the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
13. the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
14. different forms or variations of a gene that can produce different traits.

1. a form of dominance where neither allele is completely dominant, resulting in a blend of both traits in the phenotype of the heterozygous individual.
2. a laboratory technique that involves the sorting and pairing of chromosomes in an organism's cells to evaluate their number and structure, often used to detect chromosomal abnormalities.
4. an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in an individual’s genotype.
5. a cell or organism that contains a single set of chromosomes, typical of gametes (sperm and egg cells).
6. the genetic constitution of an individual, specifically the alleles present for a particular gene.
9. a diagram used to predict the genetic outcome of a cross between two individuals, showing possible combinations of alleles in offspring and helping to illustrate inheritance patterns.
10. having two identical alleles for a particular gene, either dominant or recessive.
11. an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present in an individual’s genotype.
12. a chart that depicts the biological relationships between individuals in a family over generations, used to track the inheritance patterns of specific traits or genetic conditions.