Genetics Vocab

2. - An original (model) of biological relationships
4. Material - The material inside cells that carries the instructions for how living things grow, look, and function. In ,ost living organisms, this material is DNA.
5. - A certain region of a chromosome that causes a certain protein to be made; is sometime related to a certain trait (like the MSTN gene is connected to musculature)
8. - A common feat of most cells that is copied when new cells are made
9. - The combination of alleles that an individual has. Typically represented by letters. Capital or lowercase.
10. - A characteristic or feature
13. - A common feature inside most cells, where chromosomes are usually located
15. - An organized profile of an individual’s chromosomes
17. - Different forms of genes that can cause different forms of proteins, which lead to variations in a trait, like extra-bug muscles or typical muscles
18. - Differences within a trait

1. Trait - A trait that is only expressed when two recessive alleles are present. It is represented by a lowercase letter (ex: b for blue eyes)
3. Having different alleles for gene. Aa = Heterozygous
6. - Having two of the same allele for a gene. AA = Homozygous dominant aa = homozygous recessive
7. - The way an individual look for a specific trait
11. Information - The specific instructions found in DNA that determine traits, such as eye color, hair type, or height. It tells cells what proteins to make and how the body should develop
12. - A type of molecule in our food that our bodies need. Example: Myosin and Actin
14. reproduction - When an egg cell and a sperm cell combine to develop an offspring
16. Trait - A trait that is always expressed when at least one dominant allele is present. It is represented by a capital letter (ex: B for brown eyes)