Genetics Vocabulary

1. Having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).
3. A type of allele that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy is present (e.g., Aa or AA).
5. Having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).
8. Different forms or versions of a gene that determine specific traits.
9. A gene or allele that is only expressed when two copies are present and is not visible in the presence of a dominant allele.
11. The passing of traits from parents to offspring through genetic information.
13. Relating to the phenotype, the visible traits or characteristics of an organism.
14. The observable traits or characteristics of an organism, such as its physical appearance or behavior.
17. The process by which genetic information is passed from parents to offspring.
18. A specific characteristic or feature of an organism, such as eye color, height, or flower shape.

2. A unit of heredity that is passed from parent to offspring and determines a specific trait.
4. A genetic cross between two organisms that differ in only one trait.
6. A type of allele that is expressed only when two copies are present (e.g., aa); it is masked by the presence of a dominant allele.
7. The genetic makeup or set of alleles an organism carries for a particular trait.
10. A type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, creating gametes.
12. The scientific study of heredity and the variation of inherited traits.
15. When an organism has two identical alleles for a gene.
16. A type of cell division that results in four gametes (sperm or egg cells), each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.