Genetics Vocabulary Practice

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Across
  1. 2. A permanent, heritable change in the nucleotide sequence in a gene or a chromosome; the process in which such a change occurs in a gene or in a chromosome
  2. 3. A tool that helps to show all possible allelic combinations of gametes in a cross of parents with known genotypes in order to predict the probability of their offspring possessing certain sets of alleles
  3. 6. The first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
  4. 8. The relation which one quantity or magnitude has to another of the same kind.
  5. 10. The natural renewal of a structure, as of a lost tissue or part.
  6. 11. A cell, cell product, or organism that is genetically identical to the unit or individual from which it was derived.
  7. 13. The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.
  8. 16. The building block of protein in which each is coded for by a codon and linked together through peptide bonds.
Down
  1. 1. A kind of dominance occurring in heterozygotes in which the dominant allele is only partially expressed, and usually resulting in an offspring with an intermediate phenotype
  2. 4. Abbreviation for ribonucleic acid: a nucleic acid that is generally single stranded (double stranded in some viruses) and plays a role in transferring information from DNA to protein-forming system of the cell
  3. 5. A process in sexual reproduction that involves the union of male (sperm) and female (ovum) gametes (each with a single, haploid set of chromosomes) to produce a diploid zygote
  4. 7. A diagram showing the lineage or genealogy of an individual and all the direct ancestors, usually to analyze or follow the inheritance of trait.
  5. 9. Three or more alleles for a particular gene
  6. 12. The passing of genetic factors from parent to offspring (or from one generation to the next).
  7. 13. The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism
  8. 14. The process by which messenger RNA directs the amino acid sequence of a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis
  9. 15. a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells. This process is required to produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction.