Across
- 1. an idealized cycle of processes undergone by rocks in the earth's crust, involving igneous intrusion, uplift, erosion, transportation, deposition as sedimentary rock, metamorphism, remelting, and further igneous intrusion.
- 3. dry land with few plants
- 4. an area of high or mountainous land.
- 5. A rapidly descending mass, usually of snow, down a mountainside
- 6. The outer layer of the Earth.
- 8. The period of geologic time between Hadean Time and the Phanerozoic Eon, from about 3.8 billion to 540 million years ago.
- 10. A large region of North America formed by the collision of cratons in the Paleoproterozoic
- 12. A large elongated depression with steep walls formed by the downward displacement of a block of the earth's surface between nearly parallel faults or fault systems.
- 13. the parallel of latitude 23°26ʹ South
- 16. the parallel of latitude 23°26ʹ north
- 19. line drawn around the earth equally distant from both poles, dividing the earth into northern and southern hemispheres and constituting the parallel of latitude 0°.
- 20. the action or process of forcing a body of igneous rock between or through existing formations, without reaching the surface.
- 22. are Earth scientists, specialized in geophysics, who study the genesis and the propagation of seismic waves in geological materials.
- 24. is a very long and narrow inlet in the sea between high cliffs, often formed by submergence of a glaciated valley.
- 25. Was the time from 248 million to 65 million years ago.
- 27. the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock.
- 28. theory that Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle, the rocky inner layer above the core.
- 31. A supercontinent that included all the world's landmasses in the late Paleozoic Era,
- 32. Is a low laying Country or region.
- 33. land that rises above the land around it
- 34. is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic.
- 35. hot fluid or semifluid material below or within the earth's crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed by cooling.
Down
- 1. a numerical scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of seismograph oscillations.
- 2. long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic.
- 3. Rock that was once one form of rock but has changed to another under the influence of heat, pressure, or some other agent without passing through a liquid phase.
- 6. the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
- 7. lowland with moist soil and tall grasses
- 9. not allowing fluid to pass through.
- 11. types of rock that are formed by the deposition of material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water.
- 14. It is the oldest and longest era of the Phanerozoic eon.
- 15. a broad region of Precambrian rock that encircles Hudson Bay.
- 17. a self-contained convective zone in a fluid in which upward motion of warmer fluid in the center is balanced by downward motion of cooler fluid at the periphery.
- 18. Major mountain chain of western North America, running from Alaska to Mexico.
- 21. . A tremor of the surface of the Earth, sometimes severe and devastating, which results from shock waves generated by the movement of rock masses deep within the Earth, particularly near boundaries of tectonic plates.
- 23. the action or process of draining something
- 26. solid rock underlying loose deposits such as soil or alluvium
- 28. an area of relatively level high ground.
- 29. a sudden outbreak of something, typically something unwelcome or noisy.
- 30. The most recent era of geologic time, from about 65 million years ago to the present.
- 34. the series of glacial episodes during the Pleistocene period.