Across
- 2. ____ Gulf; large body of water into which the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers flow
- 3. Sumerian city-state famous for its clash with the city of Umma
- 6. name of the capital of the Hittite Empire
- 9. an early kingdom in Syria known for being a major commercial center; in the mid-3rd Millennium, it was unique for electing rulers for seven-year periods of time.
- 11. large desert region filled with mostly nomadic tribes, would later be the region where Islam was founded
- 13. ancient city in Syria situated on the bank of the Mediterranean Sea; also the site where a number of cuneiform texts were discovered in 1928
- 16. name of the narrow region on the eastern bank of the Mediterranean Sea
- 18. ancient Sumerian city that was the religious center of Mesopotamia and seat of the god Enlil
- 21. region situated on the northern part of the Mediterranean Sea, composed of numerous islands and a mountainous mainland
- 22. region today known as Turkey, land of the Hittites
- 25. capital of Egypt for most of the Old Kingdom period
- 26. major capital city of the Assyrian Empire, founded by Ashurnasirpal II; possibly the actual site of the famous Hanging Gardens
- 27. one of the earliest city-states in Mesopotamia, considered by the Sumerians to be the first city in the world; home of the god Enki
- 30. major capital of the Assyrian Empire
- 32. a once-coastal city that was very influential during the mid-3rd millennium until about 500 BCE; site of the famed Great Ziggurat built by Ur-Nammu and Shulgi
- 33. capital city of the Babylonian Empire; supposed site of famous Hanging Gardens, city of luxury and advanced living
- 34. Sea large body of water to the north of Anatolia
- 36. region to the east of the Zagros Mountains, today known as Iran
- 37. ancient name of the southern region of Mesopotamia
Down
- 1. Egyptian site of the Great Pyramid and the Sphinx
- 4. capital of the Elamite kingdom and of the Achaemenid Empire
- 5. ____ River; one of the two rivers that forms the river valley in which the region of Mesopotamia is situated; this one is the western river
- 7. capital of Egypt for most of the Middle and New Kingdom periods
- 8. southern region of Mesopotamia, was known by another name for over a thousand years
- 9. region in northeast Africa, known for its pyramids and situated on the Nile River
- 10. ____ River; the north-flowing river along which the region of Egypt is situated
- 12. capital of the Akkadian Empire
- 14. city founded by Akhenaten to be the capital of the Egyptian Empire during his attempt to make Egypt a monotheistic theocracy
- 15. ____ Sea; large body of water to the northeast of Persia
- 17. ____ River; one of the two rivers that forms the river valley in which the region of Mesopotamia is situated; this one is the eastern river
- 19. ____ Sea; large body of water to the east of Egypt, famed for having been the river Moses allegedly led the Hebrews through
- 20. ____ Sea; largest body of water in the ancient Near East, on the banks of which numerous famous ancient civilizations flourished
- 23. northern region of Mesopotamia
- 24. city in the Levant, site of a major battle against the Egyptians which resulted in the coining of the term “Armageddon”
- 28. ____ Mountains; mountain range that delineates the boundary between Mesopotamia and Persia
- 29. considered the first major metropolitan city in the world, it boasted a population of around 40,000 people within the city limits in 3100 BCE
- 31. island just off the western coast of the Levant in the eastern Mediterranean Sea
- 35. early civilization just west of the Zagros Mountains, a major thorn in the side of most Mesopotamian civilizations