Across
- 4. a fragment of a mineral crystal or a rock
- 6. rock that is formed when pre-existing rock changes into new rock as a result of an increase in pressure and temperature
- 8. this type of rock is a rock which contains the raw materials from which hydrocarbons eventually form
- 9. a type of unconformity at which sedimentary rocks overlie older intrusive igneous or metamorphic rocks
- 11. a boundary at which one lithospheric plate slips laterally past another
- 13. the study of the Earth, including our planet’s composition, behavior, and history
- 14. a fold with an arch-like shape in which the limbs dip away from the hinge (Opposite of syncline)
- 15. a tabular intrusion of rock that cuts across the layering of country rock
- 17. the compass orientation of a horizontal line on a plane
- 18. the grinding away and removal of the Earth’s surface materials by moving water, air, or ice
- 21. a bend or wrinkle of rock layers or foliation
- 22. this type of boundary is when two plates move apart from one another
- 23. molten rock that has flowed out onto the Earth’s surface
- 24. a large, cone-shaped subaerial volcano consisting of alternating layers of lava and tephra
- 26. igneous rock that is formed by the freezing of magma underground
- 27. rock that forms when hot molten rock cools and freezes solid
- 30. a magnetic field with a north and south pole, like that of a bar magnet
- 33. the thick layer of rock below the Earth’s crust and above the core
- 34. an accumulation of loose mineral grain, such as boulder, pebbles, sand, silt, or mud, that are not cemented together
- 36. the rock that makes up the outermost layer of the earth
- 37. molten rock that is below the surface
- 38. the point on the surface of the earth directly above the focus of the earthquake
Down
- 1. a trough-shaped fold where limbs dip towards the hinge
- 2. the resistance of material to flow
- 3. the way a mineral surface scatters light
- 5. the release of lava and/or pyroclastic debris from a volcanic vent
- 7. a streamlined block of rock ejected from a volcano
- 10. the process by which one oceanic plate bends and sinks down into the asthenosphere beneath another plate
- 12. the systematic study of natural phenomena via observation and, computation, experiment, and modeling
- 13. water that resides under the surface of the Earth, mostly in pores or cracks of rock or sediment
- 16. the process by which sediment settles out of a transportation medium
- 19. the process by which continental lithosphere stretches horizontally and thins vertically
- 20. a vast composite, intrusive, igneous rock body formed by the intrusion of numerous plutons in the same region
- 23. a sudden movement of rock and debris down a nonvertical slope
- 25. the series of smaller earthquakes that follow a major earthquake
- 28. a vibration caused by the sudden breaking or frictional sliding of rock in the Earth
- 29. a boundary between two different rock sequences representing an interval of time during which strata were not deposited and/or eroded
- 31. mountain building event
- 32. this type of plate boundary is when two plates move towards one another and one subsides under the other
- 35. an unconformity in which the strata below were titled or folded before the unconformity developed; strata below the unconformity therefore have a different tilt than strata above