Geology Terms

5. - Water that is stored in the soil and rocks beneath the Earth's surface.
6. - An aquifer that is open to the surface and where the water table is directly influenced by atmospheric pressure.
8. - A spring that emits water heated by geothermal activity, often rich in minerals and used for bathing or therapeutic purposes.
11. - A well where water rises under pressure from a confined aquifer, often reaching the ground surface without pumping.
13. - The movement of saline water into freshwater aquifers, typically occurring in coastal areas when groundwater levels are lowered.
17. - An aquifer that is sandwiched between two impermeable layers, which creates pressure that allows water to rise in wells.
18. - The measure of the void spaces in a material, expressed as a percentage, which indicates how much water a material can hold.
19. - The solid rock that lies beneath the soil and other unconsolidated material, often serving as a barrier for groundwater
20. - A localized area of saturation above the main water table due to an impermeable layer that traps water.

1. - The gradual settling or sudden collapse of the ground surface due to the removal of groundwater or other factors.
2. - The upper surface of the zone of saturation, indicating the level at which the ground is saturated with water.
3. - The slope of the water table or piezometric surface, indicating the direction and rate of groundwater flow.
4. - The layer of soil and rock beneath the water table, where all the pores are filled with water.
7. - The ability of a material to allow fluids to pass through it, influenced by the interconnectedness of pore spaces.
9. - A hot spring that intermittently erupts, sending jets of steam and hot water into the air due to pressure buildup.
10. - A landscape characterized by sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage systems, often formed from limestone dissolution.
12. - The layer of soil and rock above the water table, where the spaces are filled primarily with air rather than water of saturation
14. - Natural outlets where groundwater flows to the surface, often occurring where the water table intersects the ground.
15. - A depression or hole in the ground caused by the collapse of a surface layer, often related to the dissolution of limestone.
16. - A stream that disappears into the ground, typically flowing into a sinkhole or underground passage.