GIS Terms

1. The smallest unit of information in raster data, usually square in shape.
7. The range of valid values for a particular element.
8. A systematic examination of a problem to provide new information from what is already known.
10. A fundamental data structure consisting of a matrix of equally sized cells, or pixels, arranged in rows and columns, and composed of single or multiple bands.
11. An operation in which an image (such as an aerial photo) is aligned to a known coordinate system so it can be viewed and analyzed with other spatial data.
14. The process of sorting or arranging entities into groups or categories; on a map, the process of representing members of a group by the same symbol, usually defined in a legend.
15. The arrangement that constrains how point, line, and polygon features share geometry.
18. The arrangement of elements on a map, possibly including a title, legend, north arrow, scale bar, and geographic data.
19. A method by which the curved surface of the earth is portrayed on a flat surface.
20. The visual representation of a geographic dataset in any digital map environment.
21. An interconnected set of points and lines that represent possible routes from one location to another.
22. An area of specified distance or time around one or more features.
23. Values that provide information about a feature, raster cell, or record in a GIS.

1. A line that shows the shape of the land surface.
2. A cartographic point, line, or polygon object with a spatial location in the real-world landscape
3. A GIS operation for placing points on a map based on street addresses or lat long coordinates.
4. Information on the origin, accuracy, date, abstract, coordinate system, and other attributes of the data.
5. The estimation of surface values at unsampled points based on known surface values of surrounding points.
6. A structured collection of data organized for efficient storage, retrieval, and manipulation.
9. A search of spatial or tabular data based on user-defined criteria, producing a subset of chosen records.
12. A set of values represented by the letters x, y, and optionally z that define an object's position within a coordinate system.
13. A geoprocessing command that removes boundaries between adjacent polygons that have the same value for a specified attribute.
14. One who practices the art and science of expressing graphically, usually through maps, the natural and cultural features of the earth.
16. A dividing line
17. The geometric center or average location of a spatial feature.
19. The nearness of features or locations in space.