Global History

2. Called “El Liberator”
4. Person of mixed European and Indigenous ancestry
7. Short-lived nation created by Bolívar uniting northern South American territories
10. Birthplace of Simón Bolívar
11. Class of people of European descent born in the Americas
12. Spaniards born in Spain who dominated colonial governments
13. European intellectual movement that influenced Latin American revolutionaries
17. Another word for freedom, central theme of the revolutions
18. Mexican priest who began the fight for independence in 1810
19. Venezuelan cowboys who fought in the independence wars
20. Type of government established in most Latin American nations after independence

1. Military strongman who often ruled after independence
3. Mexican general who became emperor after independence
5. Indigenous leader who led a major revolt in Peru in the 1780s
6. 1810 speech that sparked Mexico’s independence movement
8. Goal of revolutions across Latin America in the early 19th century
9. Last major stronghold of Spanish royalist forces in South America
14. European ruler whose wars indirectly inspired revolutions in Latin America
15. Local governing bodies that took power after Spanish authority collapsed
16. Argentine general who helped liberate Chile and Peru