Across
- 5. a political theory and system in which one leader has total control over the nation's laws and government
- 6. a system of organizing a society into a hierarchy where loyalty and service are exchanged for land or privilege; especially popular in Europe between 500-1400 C.E., as well as in Japan
- 7. a plot of land granted by a feudal lord to a vassal in exchange for service and loyalty
- 8. a German monk whose "Ninety-Five Theses" on the abuses of the Roman Catholic Church helped lead to the Protestant Reformation and a split in Western European Christianity
- 10. the socioeconomic/political theory that is the foundation for feudalism
- 13. the code of conduct for private soldiers during the time of feudalism
- 14. used since the 17th century, the ________ method that usually consists of observation, measurement, experimentation, and hypotheses.
- 16. philosopher during the Age of Reason who wrote that people had natural rights that any government was responsible for protecting, namely "life, liberty, and property"
- 17. the French philosophe who wrote the "Social Contract" and was a primary influence of the Enlightenment
- 18. the name of the type of rights Locke wrote about including life, liberty, property. Protection of these rights was the Enlightenment justification for government.
- 19. this theory was used by kings, queens, emperors, tsars, and others to justify their position as the sole ruler of a nation; clue is two words and the full phrase we learned is "___ ___ of kings."
- 20. the English physicist and mathematician credited with first explaining gravity and other scientific laws, as well as inventing calculus
Down
- 1. the name for the private soldier who served the lords in the time of feudalism
- 2. this part of a mill was needed to power the machines inside and depended upon steady flowing water to function
- 3. the way France was organized before the revolution began; the tax burden on the lower social class was a main cause of the French Revolution.
- 4. the name of the branch of Christianity that dominated Western Europe during the Middle Ages; based in Rome, the correct clue is __________________church
- 9. the era, beginning c. 18th century, in which philosophers stressed science and reason as a way to answer questions about the way the world works, specifically government and social systems. Also known as the Age of Reason
- 11. the feudal lord's estate, these pieces of land were, like plantations in the American South before the Civil War, self-sufficient
- 12. the period of time where many European nations saw a revival of art and literature heavily influenced by Ancient Greece and Rome (14th-16th centuries)
- 15. a form of government with a single hereditary ruler