Greek Trade Routes

3. networks Systems of exchange connecting different regions for the purpose of buying, selling, or bartering goods.
5. Independent sovereign cities that function as political and economic centers, such as Athens or Corinth in ancient Greece.
7. Prominent natural or manmade features used for navigation, such as mountains or lighthouses.
10. winds Seasonal northerly winds in the Mediterranean used by sailors for predictable travel.
12. A fast ancient Greek warship with three rows of oars, used to protect trade routes.
13. A sturdy Greek merchant ship designed for transporting goods.
15. (North Star) A fixed star used by navigators to find true north.
17. A sundial component used to measure the sun’s altitude and estimate latitude.

1. People who travel or work on the sea, especially sailors or navigators.
2. (Pilot Books) Written guides describing coastal routes, distances, and harbors.
4. A simple navigational tool for measuring star angles, possibly used by later Greek sailors.
6. Sea The ancient Greek name for the Black Sea.
8. Sea The body of water between Greece and Asia Minor, central to Greek trade and culture.
9. navigation The practice of using stars, the sun, and the moon to determine direction and position at sea.
11. Heavy devices dropped to the seabed to keep ships stationary in harbors or during storms.
14. of Alexandria An ancient lighthouse in Egypt, one of the Seven Wonders, aiding sailors in navigation.
16. Graecia Greek colonies in southern Italy and Sicily.