Across
- 4. According to the operating ________ hypothesis, people are able to remember material better with age because they process information more quickly and use more effective, suitable strategies.
- 7. Tweaking preexisting schemes (knowledge, ideas, paradigms)—or creating whole new ones—in order to reconcile (or fit within) old information with new information.
- 11. Characterized by the application of logical processes to concrete problems and by an ability to take multiple aspects of a situation into account called decentering. (2 words)
- 13. Concentrating on one aspect of a stimulus
- 14. This modern developmentalist focused on what happens in adolescence and adulthood, and posits that adults function on a postformal thought entailing subjective, relativistic terms and dialectical thinking.
- 15. An act in which a person who is no longer present is imitate by children who have witnessed a similar act (2 words)
- 18. Vygotsky viewed cognitive development as the product of this. (2 words)
- 21. A little different than Piaget, this developmental psychologist believes that during childhood, the “main cognitive developmental task is acquisition of information,” and focuses on the ways in which information is used during adulthood, rather than on changes in acquisition and understanding of new information.
- 23. I can’t see it, but I know it’s still there! This is an example of what? (2 words)
- 24. I didn’t try to remember what I had last night for dinner, I just remember. This is an example of what?
- 25. The initial, momentary storage of information, lasting only an instant. (2 words)
- 26. Part of the learning process when we take in new stimuli and incorporate it into our existing knowledge.
- 27. Coined the term zone of proximal development (ZPD), meaning that if a child’s cognition was to develop, children needed have trusted “trail guides” (i.e. someone knowledgeable in the subject) expose them to information novel enough to intrigue them, but not so foreign that the new stimulus would break their little brains.
- 28. From birth to about two years, involves a gradual progression through simple reflexes, single coordinated activities, interest in the outside world, purposeful combinations of activates, manipulation of actions to produce desired outcomes, and symbolic thought. These are the six substages of this stage.
- 29. The first step in creating new memory. It is a biological process of perceiving information, figure out what it is, how it relates to any and everything, and its importance. From this step, the info gets passed into short or long term memory.
Down
- 1. Along the same lines as Labouvie-Vief, this psychologist suggests that young adults tend to view, adjudicate, and—overall—function in a black and white (a.k.a dualistic) paradigm.
- 2. In this stage, a change in children’s thinking is the foundation of further cognitive advance, but they are hampered by a tendency toward egocentric thought.
- 3. This is one of many memory modules. This is where I store the fact that Mozart’s birthday four days after mine.
- 5. Children experience qualitative changes in knowledge and understanding as they grow, not just in quantitative changes.
- 6. This perspective views the brain’s processing of information much the same way a computer functions. (2 words)
- 8. These individuals begin to think abstractly, use logic, and perform systematic experiments to answer questions. (2 words)
- 9. The support for learning and problem solving that encourage independence and growth.
- 10. Short term memory is also called __________ memory.
- 12. This is the first step in information processing. Many individuals have a hard time controlling this, and will often seek for prescriptions to help mitigate the lack of it.
- 13. Just because you poured my Kool-Aid into a taller, skinnier glass doesn’t mean I now have a different amount than I did in the other glass. This is an example of what?
- 16. Acronyms are a type of ______________ to help me remember things.
- 17. A ____________ is a contextual network of information about an event. You may not remember washing your hands after you went to the bathroom, but you know you did because you always do.
- 19. In this stage experienced later in life, people focus on topics that have specific meaning to them.
- 20. Forming inferences is one aspect of ____________ _____________.
- 22. According to Schaie, the first stage of cognitive development, encompassing all of childhood and adolescence. (2 words)