Across
- 1. Archbishop of Canterbury who resisted Henry II's attempts to limit the Church's authority and independence in England; he would eventually be killed by Henry II's knights.
- 3. this type of jury worked with circuit judges in England to decide if someone should be accused of a crime.
- 7. another name for the extra crops that were traded from one area to another.
- 11. this tied Europe to the wider world and brought the cultures of Europe, Asia, and Africa into contact once again.
- 12. the dukes of this area in France became powerful feudal lords by taxing traders who crossed their lands.
- 15. allowed merchants to deposit money in a bank in one city and withdraw money from a bank in a different town.
- 17. To light up their homes and keep warm people used these along with fireplaces.
- 19. this group included members from all different levels of English society; they had the power to make laws, collect taxes,a nd talk about political and legal issues. English kings were also forced to share their power with this group whether they wanted to or not.
- 21. English king who weakened the power of the monarchy by getting involved in costly wars that did not go well for England.
- 25. William, the Duke of Normandy, was given this title after the Battle of Hastings where he continued to take over different parts of England and eventually be crowned king.
- 27. document King John I was forced to sign that made the English king follow the country's laws and limited his power.
- 29. Became king of England but had to deal with two strong rivals who also had claims to his throne.
- 30. a Capetian ruler who was given the title "King of France"; he wanted to make the French monarchy stronger and wealthier.
- 31. Medival towns had a hard time when it came to having fresh air and this.
- 32. A battle outside this small English village would decide who would become king of England.
Down
- 2. France's first parliament and the beginning of a new way for people to have a say in the government.
- 4. some towns held these weekly so people from nearby could gould trade for food and other useful items
- 5. the king of this country tried to assert his claim to the English throne by attacking northern England in September of 1066.
- 6. a trainee who learned a trade from a master artisan; was provided a place to stay and food to eat, but no wages.
- 8. members of this group and acted as judges in medieval cities.
- 9. social group in the Middle Ages made up of various people such as merchants, bankers, and artisans who played an important role in the city's economy.
- 10. an apprentice would become this after finishing tier training under a master; would begin earning a daily wage.
- 13. business groups whose members paid fees in return for protection for themselves and their families
- 14. regions began to _______ in crops that grew best in certain climates and soils.
- 16. your class period
- 18. nobles sought these Eastern items including sugar, spices, silks, and dyes.
- 20. English king who joined together the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms to stop the Vikings.
- 22. a rule that says if someone is in jail they have to be brought in front of a judge to determine if they should be in jail.
- 23. this tpe of jury decided if a person was guilty or not in the English court system.
- 24. English king who set up a central royal court with lawyers and judges to handle legal cases; he also he also helped to create common law in England.
- 26. needed to raise money for his wars and ended up creating the estates-general.
- 28. this system made Europe safer as nobles repaired roads, arrested bandits, and enforced laws.