Across
- 4. belief that Jews need to have a homeland; Jews believe that God gave them the land where Israel is now located as part of his covenant with Abraham; Jews also wanted their own country to be protected from non-Jewish governments
- 6. dividing; separating; cutting apart
- 10. ethnic group that lives in the mountains where Turkey, Syria, Iraq, and Iran border each other; they dream of a homeland with their own government and laws; many have turned to terrorism and guerilla tactics to try to gain their independence
- 11. extreme hatred against Jews; the Holocaust; impacts include being one of the causes of WWII; Zionism in Europe; the creation of Israel
- 12. leader of Iraq during the 1991 and 2003 US invastions of Iraq; he was a Sunni Muslim; used poison gas to kill 15,000 Iraqi Kurds; invaded Kuwait in 1991 to secure Kuwait’s oil reserves and save his country’s economy; 2003 it was thought that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction and was invaded again
- 13. authority, as permitted by the League of Nations, over a territory or region; led the way for a type of colonization
- 14. the US became involved in the Middle East to protect its access to vital oil reserves; when Saddam Hussein threatened the global oil supply by seizing oil rich Kuwait and threatening Saudi Arabian oil fields, the US intervened to defeat the Iraqi Army, liberate Kuwait, and protect Saudi Arabian oil fields
- 15. Jews moved to Palestine following WWII; Palestinian Arabs became afraid that the Jewish immigrants would take over Palestine; after the UN proposed a partition in 1948 to create the State of Israel, there was war between the Arabs and the Jews; many Palestinian Arabs remain angry; the Jewish-Palestinian Arabs conflict continues today
Down
- 1. the Persian Gulf War; the US protected oil rich Kuwait from Iraqi invasion; Iraq was broke from war with Iran and needed Kuwait’s oil to sell and save their economy
- 2. the Iraqi Government was accused by many nations, including the US, of possessing weapons of mass destruction; the Iraqi Government had already used biological weapons to murder 15,000 Iraqi Kurds; no WMDs were ever found; Saddam Heussein was captured, tried and executed by the new Iraqi Government
- 3. to disrupt terrorist groups that attacked the US on September 11, 2001; Osama bin Laden and his Al Qaeda network, sought to use terrorism to drive the U.S. out of the Middle East; base for the Al Qaeda terrorist network; the Afghani Taliban Government protected the terrorists; the US Government supported the Afghani rebel groups in 2001 to overthrow the Taliban Government
- 5. during the World War I, the British and the French made the Sykes-Picot agreement which divided the Ottoman Empire into a zone of French control and a zone of British control
- 7. the non-Turkish portions of the Ottoman Empire were given to the French and the British by the League of Nations as mandates (colonies)
- 8. vast (very large) territories ruled by the Turks that included most of SW Asia/Middle East; the empire fell apart at the end of WWI; countries of SW Asia were once part of the Ottoman Empire
- 9. religious conflict over who should be the caliph (leader) of Islam; Sunni Muslima believe the leader of Islam should be the most qualified person while the Shia believe the caliph should be one of Mohammad’s blood relatives; Sunni=about 85%*90% and Shia=about 10%-15%
- 12. created for the Jewish people during the partitioning of SW Asia/Middle East; the land where the Palestinian people lived