Across
- 3. What a person eats and drinks. Any type of eating plan.
- 5. A unit of energy in food. Carbohydrates, fats, protein, and alcohol in the foods and drinks we eat provide food energy or "_______." Carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 ______ per gram, fat has 9 _______ per gram, and alcohol has 7 ______ per gram.
- 8. Your blood pressure rises and falls throughout the day. An optimal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg. When blood pressure stays high—greater than or equal to 140/90 mmHg—you have high blood pressure, also called __________
- 10. A fat-like substance that is made by your body and found naturally in animal foods such as dairy products, eggs, meat, poultry, and seafood. Foods high in _______ include dairy fats, egg yolks, and organ meats such as liver. ________ is needed to carry out functions such as hormone and vitamin production. It is carried through the blood by [lipoproteins].
- 11. A major source of energy in the diet, _____ helps the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamins A, D, E, and K. Some kinds of ______, especially saturated _____ and trans _____ty acids, may raise blood cholesterol and increase the risk for heart disease. Other ____, such as unsaturated _____, do not raise blood cholesterol. ____ that are in foods are combinations of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated ____ty acids.
- 13. Also called "salt," _______ helps your nerves and muscles work properly. Table salt is made up of _______ and chloride. Your kidneys control how much salt is in your blood, releasing it when needed and flushing out any excess. If too much _______ builds up in your blood, this may raise your blood pressure.
- 14. The process that occurs in the body to turn the food you eat into energy your body can use.
- 15. Any of a group of organic compounds that are essential for normal growth and nutrition and are required in small quantities in the diet because they cannot be synthesized by the body.
- 16. A hormone made by the pancreas, _______ helps move glucose (sugar) from the blood to muscles and other tissues. _______ controls blood sugar levels.
- 18. A major source of energy for our bodies and a building block for many carbohydrates. The food digestion process breaks down carbohydrates in foods and drinks into glucose. After digestion, _______ is carried in the blood and goes to body cells where it is used for energy or stored.
- 19. Inorganic nutrients that are relevant to human nutrition are water, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphate, sulfate, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, iodine, selenium, and molybdenum.
Down
- 1. One of the nutrients that provide calories to the body. _______ is an essential nutrient that helps build many parts of the body, including blood, bone, muscle, and skin. ______ provides 4 calories per gram and is found in foods like beans, dairy products, eggs, fish, meat, nuts, poultry, and tofu.
- 2. A measure of body weight relative to height. The BMI tool uses a formula that produces a score often used to determine if a person is underweight, at a normal weight, overweight, or obese. (acronym)
- 4. A person with this disease has blood glucose, or sugar, levels that are above normal levels. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone that helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. ______ occurs when the body does not make enough insulin or does not use the insulin it makes.
- 6. A compound made up of fat and protein that carries fats and fat-like substances, such as cholesterol, in the blood.There are two types of lipoproteins carry cholesterol in the blood: low-density lipoproteins (LDL, often called "bad cholesterol") and high-density lipoproteins (HDL or "good cholesterol"). When cholesterol levels are too high, some of the cholesterol may stick to the walls of your arteries. This build-up is called plaque. Over time, plaque may narrow your arteries or even block them. High levels of cholesterol in the blood may increase your risk of heart disease.
- 7. A major source of energy for your body. Your digestive system changes ______ into blood glucose (sugar). Your body uses this sugar to make energy for cells, tissues, and organs, and stores any extra sugar in your liver and muscles for when it is needed. If there is more sugar than the body can use, the liver may also break the sugar down further and store it as body fat.There are two kinds—simple or complex. Simple ______ include sugars that are a part of some foods, like fructose in fruit or lactose in milk, as well as sugars that may be added when foods are processed or prepared. Complex ________ include those that come from legumes, such as peas or beans, starchy vegetables, and whole grain breads and cereals. Many complex ________ are good sources of fiber.
- 9. (1) The process of the body using food to sustain life. (2) The study of food and diet.
- 12. A gland and an organ that makes enzymes to help the body break down and use nutrients in food. The _______ also produces the hormone insulin and releases it into the bloodstream to help the body control blood sugar levels.
- 17. A standard amount of a food, such as a cup or an ounce.