Across
- 2. A warm ocean current that flows from the Gulf of Mexico along the U.S. East Coast and into the Atlantic Ocean, helping to warm nearby areas.
- 6. A set of interconnected parts that work together as a whole. The Earth’s system includes the atmosphere, oceans, land, and all living things, which all interact to influence weather and climate.
- 10. The movement of air, water, or other substances in a continuous flow. For example, air circulates in the atmosphere, helping to distribute heat and moisture.
- 13. The movement of seawater in a regular pattern, which is driven by wind, temperature differences, and the Earth’s rotation. Ocean currents help regulate global temperatures and weather patterns.
- 14. A thick cloud of tiny water droplets near the ground that reduces visibility, formed when air cools and moisture condenses.
- 15. The amount of water vapor in the air. High humidity can make the air feel warmer and can contribute to precipitation and cloud formation.
- 17. The movement of energy from one place or object to another. In Earth's system, energy can be transferred by radiation, conduction, or convection.
- 18. The weight of the air pressing down on Earth’s surface, often measured by a barometer. Changes in barometric pressure can signal weather changes, such as storms or fair weather.
- 19. The ability to do work or cause change. In Earth's atmosphere, energy from the Sun drives weather patterns and temperature changes.
- 21. Referring to a specific, small area or region. Local weather conditions are the weather patterns experienced in a particular place, which can be influenced by larger global patterns.
- 22. A repeated or predictable arrangement or sequence. In science, patterns are often observed in weather, such as regular changes in temperature, wind, or precipitation.
Down
- 1. Any form of water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail. It is a key part of the water cycle and affects weather patterns.
- 3. The layer of gases surrounding Earth, including oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. It is essential for life and plays a key role in weather and climate.
- 4. Related to heat. Thermal energy is the energy that comes from the temperature of matter, and it can affect weather patterns and temperature differences in the atmosphere.
- 5. A fast-moving air current found high in the atmosphere. Jet streams can influence weather by steering weather systems, such as storms, across the globe.
- 7. The deflection of moving objects, such as wind and ocean currents, caused by the rotation of the Earth. This effect causes winds to curve, influencing weather patterns.
- 8. A measure of the heat energy in a substance, typically measured in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. Temperature differences affect weather patterns and energy transfer.
- 9. The direction from which the wind is blowing. Wind direction is important for understanding weather patterns and predicting changes in temperature, air pressure, and precipitation.
- 11. The transfer of heat through direct contact between materials. It occurs when particles in a material collide and transfer energy from one particle to another, like a metal spoon heating up in a pot of soup.
- 12. The transfer of heat through space in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as sunlight from the Sun to Earth. This does not require a medium (like air or water).
- 16. The transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) by the movement of the fluid itself. In convection, warmer, less dense material rises, and cooler, denser material sinks, creating a flow of energy.
- 20. Referring to the whole Earth or something that affects the entire planet. For example, global weather patterns like the jet stream and ocean currents impact weather worldwide.