Across
- 3. Nitrogenous bases, also called nucleobases, are nitrogenous compounds that form an important part of the nucleotides.
- 4. ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic information.
- 8. Thymine is a pyrimidine, which means that it is composed of a single ring consisting of 4 carbon atoms and 2 nitrogen atoms. Thymine helps stabilize nucleic acid structures.
- 10. the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears. The first prophase of meiosis includes the reduction division.
- 11. a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
- 12. Cellular functions: In the cells, phosphate is an important component of the lipid bilayer of cell membranes, DNA, RNA, and proteins.
- 15. a compound which is one of the four constituent bases of nucleic acids. A purine derivative, it is paired with thymine in double-stranded DNA.
- 16. a compound that occurs in guano and fish scales, and is one of the four constituent bases of nucleic acids. A purine derivative, it is paired with cytosine in double-stranded DNA.
- 17. the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers.
- 18. the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.
Down
- 1. a term used to describe the physical structure of DNA
- 2. a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
- 5. A molecule consisting of a nitrogen-containing base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA)
- 6. a compound found in living tissue as a constituent base of nucleic acids. It is paired with guanine in double-stranded DNA.
- 7. sucrose, a disaccharide, made up of two sugars (glucose and fructose) bound together, that is naturally made by and found in all green plants
- 9. the final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed.
- 13. G1 phase is the first phase of the interphase in which the cell grows by copying organelles and synthesizing proteins and RNA. G2 phase is the third phase of the interphase in which cell makes proteins and organelles and RNA and reorganizes cell content.
- 14. the stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle.