History 133 Greece, Persia, & Macedonia

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Across
  1. 1. Despite being one of the Persian king’s generals, he assassinated Darius before Alexander the Great could.
  2. 3. This militaristic group of Greeks did not embrace democracy, but instead embraced a kingship that functioned only because of a huge class of brutally mistreated slaves known as helots.
  3. 7. This Persian king extended Persian control east to the Indus River Valley, west to Egypt, and north to Anatolia.
  4. 8. This Persian king took his nomadic warriors and conquered Mesopotamia, including the Babylonians, which ended the Babylonian Exile.
  5. 9. The Zoroastrian god who was believed to choose the king of Persia.
  6. 12. This empire, led by Alexander the Great, was able to overtake the fractured Greek city-states following the conflict between Sparta and Athens.
  7. 14. The Persian governors in 23 provinces.
  8. 18. During this battle of the Greco-Persian War, 300 brave Spartans supposedly battled 5 million Persians (although they were aided by many other Greek forces.
  9. 19. following the Greco-Persian War, Greece was associated with Freedom, while Persia was associated with this.
  10. 20. Alexander the Great gave the ancient world this common language, which facilitated conversations and commerce.
  11. 23. The Greek Empire was broken down into these entities, consisting of both a city and the surrounding area.
  12. 24. After the death of Alexander the Great, his Empire broke into three empires called this.
  13. 25. This temple in Athens eventually became a church, then a mosque, then an armory, and is of course currently a ruin.
  14. 26. After the Greco-Persian War, it emerged as the de facto capital of Greece and experienced a Golden Age.
  15. 27. Kings such as Cyrus and Darius kept control of the massive Persian Empire through networks of these.
  16. 31. This ancient highway was reorganized and rebuilt by King Darius the Great in the 5th century and allowed mounted couriers to traverse the length of the empire in a short time.
  17. 33. The ceremonial capital of Persia during the Achaemenid Empire, located 400 miles South of Tehran, it was built by Darius the Great and his son, Xerxes I.
  18. 34. A city in Egypt named after Alexander the Great that became a major center of learning in the classical world, and was home to the most amazing library ever, which Julius Caesar burned down.
  19. 37. Large and aggressive states and political systems that exercise coercive power.
  20. 38. The horse, whom no one else could ride, that Alexander the Great tamed at the age of 13.
  21. 40. This Roman general was so obsessed with Alexander the Great that he tried to emulate his boyishly disheveled hairstyle.
Down
  1. 2. This was forbidden by the Persian religion, so it was almost unheard of in Classical Persia.
  2. 4. Greek philosopher who coined an interrogative method of teaching.
  3. 5. Extra long spears used by the army of Alexander the Great.
  4. 6. He invaded Egypt in 1798, not because he needed to do so, but because he wanted to do what Alexander had done.
  5. 10. Alexander the Great’s main post-death legacy was his introduction of this Persian ideal of government to the Greco-Roman World.
  6. 11. One of the first true historians and the author of the famous book “The Persian Wars”.
  7. 13. This dynasty was founded in 539 BCE by King Cyrus the Great.
  8. 15. When this group returned from the Greco-Persian Wars, they demanded political rights, thus radicalizing Athenian Democracy for the lower-classes.
  9. 16. Ancient Greek philosopher who tutored Alexander the Great.
  10. 17. The monotheistic religion of classical Persia.
  11. 21. The Persian wife of Alexander the Great who supposedly (while still a teenager) engineered the assassinations of many of Alexander’s fellow wives.
  12. 22. This 30 year conflict between Athens and Sparta was spawned by Athenian imperialism following the Greco-Persian War.
  13. 28. This Greek Father of Comedy wrote 40 plays, although only 11 survive.
  14. 29. This battle of the Greco-Persian War, fought in 490 BCE, was viewed as the product of Greek freedom, which gave their soldiers a reason to fight with extraordinary courage.
  15. 30. Athenian statesman whose famous funeral oration brags about the golden democracy of Athens.
  16. 32. The start of the Greco-Persian War came when Persia began to dominate this former Greek colony.
  17. 35. Persian king who led two major campaigns against the Athenians.
  18. 36. The father of Alexander the Great.
  19. 39. When Athenians sailed to this Spartan colony, demanding they submit to Athenian rule, they endorsed the theory of Realism in international relations, as they believed the group with the most power could do as it willed.