History of Oceanography Part 1.

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Across
  1. 3. In 1497, the second attempt to find an oceanic route to regions producing spices funded by England failed. Who did England fund?
  2. 5. A map of the Mediterranean Sea made in 1595 by ______ Ortelius
  3. 9. The _______ was a time in which sea travel began to increase during the renaissance, and sailors were able to travel farther than they had before.
  4. 11. Not too much is known about them but they were definitely seafaring warriors and/or raiders
  5. 12. Pedro Álvares Cabral was the first to bring spices from India to Europe by way of the _____________
  6. 14. Ancient Pacific islanders that had detailed knowledge of marine life and navigation
  7. 15. During the 1490s, land routes were under ________ control
  8. 16. _______ Magellan began the 1st circumnavigation of the globe which proved the oceans were all connected
  9. 17. Phoenicians sailed Mediterranean, Red Sea, Eastern Atlantic, and ______ Oceans
  10. 18. considered the first marine biologist
  11. 19. the study of past civilizations
Down
  1. 1. Aristotle developed the ______ classification system & many descriptions are still valid
  2. 2. Time in which some of the knowledge of the ancient Greeks was lost
  3. 4. most notable Western navigators as early as 2000 B.C.
  4. 6. Boat name in which 4,700 new species were discovered by the people on the boat
  5. 7. For the Ancient Greeks, more was known about the nearshore organisms in the ______________
  6. 8. During the Dark Ages (5th centuries to 10th), especially in Europe, the study of the oceans all but _________
  7. 10. _________ broaded the 1831- 1836 5-year voyage of the HMS Beagle and took notes on different species1870’s: HMS Challenger: First ship built and equipped for oceanographic research.
  8. 13. Aristotle discovered ______ are the breathing apparatus in fish
  9. 19. the study of both contemporary cultures and their historical origins