Hope Theory

3. People with higher levels of this tend to be flexible thinkers, able to come up with alternative routes to their goals if they encounter barriers
5. Hope is framed as a __ set rather than an emotion
6. The second seminal year; also a palindrome
8. Goal-directed energy; the motivation to use the routes to reach goals
10. One of the two key theorists; rhymes with Heider
12. Dixson et al. (2017) used __ analysis to provide basic empirical support for the theory
13. Creating different routes to goals
16. The first seminal year; a palindrome
17. These are said to reflect responses to perceptions about how one is doing in goal pursuit activities

1. Some of the initial empirical support for the theory came from Snyder et al. (1991) who administered Snyder's Hope Scale to different __, finding that hope scores differed between college students and people receiving psychological treatment
2. One of the two key theorists; rhymes with pope says
4. Although Hope Theory was initially focused on applicability across __, it is now sometimes applied in specific areas such as math or employment
7. True or false: Hope Theory is still used today, with no major changes to the original theory structure
9. Hope is always directed at specific __
11. Hope Theory is an __ process, meaning the pathways influence each other
14. Hope theory has mainly correlational support, with evidence for hope levels predicting loneliness (Sympson, 1999), adjustment to physical health changes (Kwon, 2002), and __ achievement (Snyder et al., 1999)
15. For people lower in hope, this tends to produce rumination and self-doubt rather than leading to improvements in goal pursuit