Across
- 1. Process by which cells become specialized for particular structures and functions.
- 3. Breaking, weakening, or thinning a seed coat to help water and oxygen enter the seed.
- 4. First embryonic root to emerge from a germinating seed.
- 9. A protective covering over root tips to shield them as they grow (2 words)
- 10. Property that root hairs increase to facilitate water and nutrient absorption (2 words)
- 15. Transfer of pollen from anther to a receptive stigma.
- 17. Plant organ that supports leaves and buds and contains the vascular tissues that transport materials.
- 18. plants that shed their leaves at least once per season
- 21. The movement of a plant structure in response to light
- 23. Stem section between nodes
- 27. Plants that grow for multiple growing seasons
- 29. The science, art, and business of growing and using plants for food, beauty, recreation, and environmental purposes.
- 35. Gaseous plant growth regulator associated with fruit ripening, senescence, and several stress responses.
- 37. Developmentally controlled aging and deterioration of a plant organ, such as a leaf turning yellow.
- 39. Reproductive structure of flowering plants where sexual reproduction begins.
- 40. The science of naming and classifying organisms.
- 41. Acquisition of the ability to flower following exposure to an appropriate period of low temperature.
- 42. The broader practice of producing crops and animals for human use; horticulture is one specialized part of this field.
- 44. Plant cell organelle where photosynthesis occurs.
- 46. Plant growth regulator associated with stem elongation, seed germination, and other growth processes.
- 50. Process in which a viable seed resumes active growth and the embryo begins to emerge.
- 56. Cell organelle where cellular respiration takes place
- 58. Vascular tissue that primarily transports water and minerals from the roots toward the shoots.
- 59. A community of organisms interacting with one another and with their physical environment.
- 60. The name of the person who was the first to name a specific organism
- 61. Region of actively dividing plant cells that produces new growth.
- 62. A cultivated variety of a plant that has been selected or developed for particular characteristics.
- 63. Taxonomic rank immediately above species; the first word in a scientific plant name.
- 65. Plant growth regulator strongly associated with stomatal closure, stress responses, and dormancy.
- 66. Male portion of the flower consisting of the anthers and filament
- 69. The slender stalk that joins a leaf blade to the plant stem
- 70. Plant growth regulator that promotes cell division and influences shoot development and senescence.
- 71. The study of and growing fruit
- 72. Plants that only live for one growing season
- 73. Plant tissue that produces or releases sugars for transport, such as a mature photosynthesizing leaf.
- 74. Evaporative loss of water vapor from a plant, primarily through stomata in the leaves.
Down
- 2. The entry of water into the soil surface
- 5. Site of pollen production
- 6. Process by which plants capture light energy and convert it into stored chemical energy.
- 7. The downward movement of water through the soil layers below
- 8. The outer edge or perimeter of a leaf blade,
- 11. Directional growth of a plant or plant part in response to light.
- 12. Male reproductive cells of the seed plants
- 13. Female portion of the flower consisting of the stigma, style, and ovule
- 14. The state of a plant when grown in low or no light, chlorotic and leggy
- 16. Process that releases usable energy from sugars for plant growth, maintenance, and other activities.
- 19. Basic taxonomic unit; the second word in a plant's scientific name.
- 20. Plants that grow for 2 seasons.
- 22. Tiny pores, usually in leaves, through which gases enter and leave the plant.
- 24. Green pigment that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
- 25. Exposing seeds to moist conditions at specific temperatures for a period of time to overcome dormancy.
- 26. A two part name of a living organism
- 28. Plant growth regulator strongly associated with cell elongation, apical dominance, and directional growth toward light.
- 30. Yellowing of plant tissue(s) due to a lack of chlorophyll
- 31. Changes in a plant's form, function, or life stage as it progresses through its life cycle.
- 32. A regulated state in which plant growth or development is temporarily greatly reduced or suspended.
- 33. A naturally occurring chemical messenger produced by a plant that influences growth and development.
- 34. Modified horizontal stem that grows usually just below the soil surface, sending out roots and vertical shoots from its growth nodes
- 36. A plant's response to the relative duration of light and darkness, particularly in regulating flowering.
- 37. Modified horizontal stem that grows usually along the soil surface, producing new roots and shoots at its nodes
- 38. Plant tissue that uses or stores sugars, such as a developing fruit, root, or growing shoot.
- 43. A system for naming and classifying species according to their positions in a hierarchy
- 45. Meeting present needs while maintaining the resources and systems needed by future generations.
- 47. Absorption of water by a dry seed, causing it to swell and initiating metabolic activity.
- 48. Benefits that humans and other organisms receive from functioning ecosystems, including food production, oxygen production, water regulation, and carbon storage.
- 49. Plant organ specialized primarily for photosynthesis, gas exchange, and transpiration.
- 51. Tiny extensions from plant roots greatly increase surface area (2 words)
- 52. Traditional plant group characterized by one cotyledon, parallel leaf veins, and flower parts commonly in threes.
- 53. Specialized tissue found in apical regions of the plant where new cells are formed
- 54. Vascular tissue that transports sugars and other organic compounds from sources to sinks.
- 55. The deliberate growing and management of plants by humans.
- 57. Increase in plant size, mass, or cell number.
- 64. Sticky platform at the top of the style, where pollination takes place
- 67. Plant organ primarily responsible for anchorage, water/mineral absorption, and often storage.
- 68. Major flowering-plant group traditionally called dicots; commonly characterized by two cotyledons and netted leaf veins.