Across
- 5. female gland that produces the hormones estrogen and progesterone for reproduction
- 7. anything that enters the body and causes illness ex: virus, bacteria, fungi.
- 10. tube through which urine leaves the body
- 11. a protein that speeds up the rate of reactions (used to speed up digestion)
- 12. blood filtering structures in the kidneys in which impurities are filtered out, wastes are collected and purified blood is returned into circulation.
- 14. large flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing
- 19. when extra hormones are produces in an event that may need them for example more adrenaline when in danger or more hormones produced for women who are pregnant
- 21. chemical substance than an organism needs to sustain life (examples: proteins, carbohydrates and lipids)
- 22. process by which enzymes break down food into small molecules that the body can use
- 24. organ of the digestive track responsible for absorbing water and releasing solid waste
- 28. produces bile which helps the breakdown of fats
- 29. process by which metabolic wastes are eliminated form the body
- 30. the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials (typically refers to digestion in the digestive system)
- 36. gland that produces adrenaline a hormone used to speed up heart rate and produce an extra burst of energy
- 37. a system to keep hormones balanced, when hormones get to low a message is sent to make more, when they get to high a message is sent to stop producing them.
- 44. process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.
- 46. waste released from metabolism (chemical reactions) such as carbon dioxide.
- 48. chemical messengers of the endocrine system
- 50. tiny air sacs in the lungs
- 52. process that does not require oxygen
- 54. process that requires oxygen
- 57. the process of taking in oxygen
- 59. toxic waste produced by the breakdown of red blood cells
- 60. male gland that produces the hormone testosterone for reproduction
- 62. cell fragment released by bone marrow that helps in blood clotting
- 63. Cavity pathway of the respiratory system in which air can enter the body
- 64. proteins found on cells that must match with a specific hormone in order to receive the message
- 65. gland in the brain that produces hormones to control the pituitary gland
- 67. gland that controls the other glands of the endocrine system
Down
- 1. smallest blood vessel that brings nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and absorbs carbon dioxide and waste products
- 2. contractions of smooth muscles that provide the force that moves food through the digestive system
- 3. organ of the digestive track where chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients happen
- 4. an organ that produces and releases hormones
- 6. type of blood cell that guards against infection, fights parasites and attacks bacteria
- 8. a group of drugs used to kill of bacteria when someone is already infected.
- 9. a measurement of how often the heart beats in a minute
- 13. the movement of blood to transport materials around the body
- 15. physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces
- 16. large blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body
- 17. when the body can produce antibodies to attach to a pathogen and destroy it before the body is considered sick
- 18. blood containing oxygen
- 20. the process of nutrients moving from the digestive track into the blood
- 23. any substance that triggers an immune response
- 25. a gland that produces thyroxine a hormone that controls metabolism
- 26. tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi also called the windpipe
- 27. largest organ that helps in both protecting the body and releasing wastes such as excess water, salt and sweat.
- 31. the beginning location of digestion
- 32. blood vessel that carries blood from the body back to the heart
- 33. overreaction of the immune system to something that is not harmful to the body
- 34. hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
- 35. produces insulin a hormone that controls blood sugar levels
- 38. process by which the body keeps hormones regulated (balances)
- 39. two large tubes in the chest that leads from the trachea to the lungs
- 40. respiratory organ, where gases are exchanged between blood and inhaled air
- 41. large muscular sac that continues the mechanical and chemical digestion of food
- 42. fingerlike projections in the small intestine that aids in the absorption of nutrient molecules
- 43. liquid portion of the blood
- 45. cell containing hemoglobin that carries oxygen
- 47. tube connecting the mouth to the stomach
- 49. the process of releasing carbon dioxide
- 51. a pair of fist sized organs, they remove excess water urea and metabolic wastes from the blood.
- 53. sac like organ in which urine is stored
- 55. hairlike structures in the nasal cavity that can trap dust and microorganisms in the air entering
- 56. preparation of weakened or killed pathogens used to produce immunity to a disease
- 58. a less toxic nitrogenous waste
- 61. blood that does not contain oxygen
- 66. protein that either attacks antigens directly or signals a pathogen to be destroyed.