Across
- 1. Abbreviation for malicious software. Malware is software designed to harm computer systems.
- 4. A software application secretly placed on a user's system to gather information and relay it to outside parties, usually for advertising purposes.
- 7. An application that installs hidden services on systems. Illicit servers consist of "client" code and "server" code that enable the attacker to monitor and control the operation of the computer infected with the server code.
- 9. The process of converting encrypted data back to its original form.
- 10. A number generated by an algorithm from a text string. Also known as a message digest.
- 15. Programming code that provides a temporary solution to a known problem, or bug.
- 17. A protocol that provides authentication and encryption, used by most servers for secure exchanges over the Internet. Superseded by Transport Layer Security (TLS). ABBREVIATION ONLY
- 19. An encryption method in which the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt a message. Also known as private-key encryption.
- 21. A password-protected, encrypted data file containing message encryption, user identification and message text. Used to authenticate a program or a sender's public key, or to initiate SSL sessions. Must be signed by a certificate authority (CA) to be valid.
- 22. A variable value, such as a numeric code, that uses an algorithm to encrypt and decrypt data. Some applications encrypt and decrypt with the same key, whereas other applications use a pair of keys.
- 24. The security principle of providing proof that a transaction occurred between identified parties. Repudiation occurs when one party in a transaction denies that the transaction took place. INCLUDE DASH
- 25. A program disguised as a harmless application that actually produces harmful results.
- 26. A malicious program that replicates itself on computer systems, usually through executable software, and causes irreparable system damage.
- 27. A self-replicating program or algorithm that consumes system resources.
Down
- 2. An encryption method in which two keys (a private key and a public key) are used to encrypt and decrypt a message. Also known as public-key encryption.
- 3. An encryption method in which hashes are used to verify the integrity of transmitted messages. Also known as one-way encryption.
- 5. The unethical practice of registering domain names very similar to those of high-volume sites in hopes of receiving traffic from users seeking the high-volume site who mistakenly enter an incorrect URL in their browsers.
- 6. A protocol based on SSL 3.0 that provides authentication and encryption, used by most servers for secure exchanges over the Internet. ABBREVIATION ONLY
- 8. An argument that asks "Do people have the right to remove damaging information about themselves on the Internet so the information can be forgotten?" NO QUOTATION MARKS
- 11. A security barrier that controls the flow of information between the Internet and a private network. A firewall prevents outsiders from accessing an enterprise's internal network, which accesses the Internet indirectly through a proxy server.
- 12. A security technique designed to prevent access to information by converting it into a scrambled (unreadable) form of text.
- 13. Software that scans disks and programs for known viruses and eliminates them. INCLUDE DASH
- 14. The process of verifying the identity of a user who logs on to a system, or the integrity of transmitted data.
- 16. An electronic stamp added to a message that uniquely identifies its source and verifies its contents at the time of the signature.
- 18. A graphic or moving image that appears on your screen when your computer is idle.
- 20. A subset of Internet Protocol that is most often used to determine whether a computer can communicate with the rest of the network. ABBREVIATION ONLY
- 23. A file or collection of tools that resolves system liabilities and improves software performance.