IGCSE Biology Terms

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Across
  1. 2. – The substance on which an enzyme acts.
  2. 5. – A section of DNA that codes for a specific protein or trait.
  3. 6. – An alternative form of a gene found at the same position on a chromosome.
  4. 7. – The part of a cell that contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities.
  5. 11. – An organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis takes place.
  6. 15. – Having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g. Aa).
  7. 17. – A type of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells.
  8. 19. – The observable characteristics of an organism, resulting from its genotype and environmental influences.
  9. 20. – Respiration that occurs without oxygen, releasing less energy.
  10. 21. – The process by which plants make glucose using carbon dioxide and water, in the presence of light and chlorophyll.
  11. 23. – A structure made of DNA that carries genetic information.
  12. 24. – The maintenance of a stable internal environment in the body.
  13. 25. – A sequence showing how energy is transferred from one organism to another through feeding.
Down
  1. 1. – A partially permeable barrier that controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
  2. 3. – The net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
  3. 4. – The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrients to release energy.
  4. 8. – The movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution.
  5. 9. – The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
  6. 10. – The genetic makeup of an organism; the combination of alleles it possesses.
  7. 12. – Having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g. AA or aa).
  8. 13. – A protein that acts as a biological catalyst, speeding up chemical reactions without being used up.
  9. 14. – Respiration that uses oxygen to release energy from glucose.
  10. 16. – A type of cell division that produces four genetically different cells with half the number of chromosomes.
  11. 18. – A community of living organisms interacting with each other and their environment.
  12. 22. – The movement of substances across a membrane against a concentration gradient using energy.