IGCSE DNA and Genetics

5. An allele that shows its trait even if there's only one copy.
6. The genetic material that carries instructions for living organisms.
8. A molecule that brings amino acids to the ribosome to build proteins.
9. When an organism has two different alleles for a trait (e.g., Aa).
10. A set of three DNA or RNA letters that code for a specific amino acid.
12. Special cells that join during fertilization to create a new organism.
15. Thread-like structures in cells that carry genes and genetic information.
16. A segment of DNA that contains instructions to make a specific protein.
17. An allele that only shows its trait if there are two copies.
18. Different forms of a gene.
19. A set of three letters on tRNA that matches with the codon to build proteins.

1. Copying the genetic instructions from DNA to make a messenger molecule called mRNA.
2. The genetic makeup of an organism, the combination of alleles it carries.
3. A single-stranded molecule that carries a copy of the instructions to build proteins.
4. Putting together or making something, like building a protein from amino acids.
7. The observable traits or characteristics of an organism.
9. When an organism has two identical alleles for a trait (e.g., AA or aa).
11. The cell formed when sperm and egg come together, the starting point of a new individual.
13. Using an mRNA code to make an amino acid sequence in a ribosome
14. Building blocks for the body, made of amino acids.