Immune Response

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Across
  1. 2. Exotoxins that provoke an excessive immune response, killing healthy cells and causing toxic shock.
  2. 4. "White"
  3. 6. Lymphatic organ that teaches T-cells how to recognize self vs. non-self antigens.
  4. 9. Agranulocytes that can differentiate into macrophages or dendritic cells.
  5. 16. Organ system that filters blood, traps microbes in nodes, and drains excess fluid from inflammation.
  6. 17. "Pink"
  7. 19. Cell surface markers that occur in some members of the same species but not others.
  8. 20. Cascade of 26-30 different proteins that bore holes in bacterial cell membranes.
  9. 21. Plasma made of water, salt, and some proteins, contained in capillaries with a one-way flow.
  10. 22. Chemical compound in saliva that breaks down bacterial cell walls.
  11. 24. Protein made by B-cells to block attachment sites on pathogens, help phagocytes eat them, or mark them for death by complement.
  12. 25. Antigen that will create an immune response.
  13. 26. Line of defense that includes adaptive cells that learn to target specific pathogens.
  14. 28. Piece of a microbe that may create an immune response.
  15. 29. Pattern-recognition receptor, on the surface of WBCs to recognize pathogenic characteristics/antigens.
  16. 30. Cells that stay in the connective tissue and initiate inflammation in response to foreign antigens.
  17. 31. Inflammatory chemical that causes prolonged bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, mucus secretion, and increased capillary refill.
  18. 33. Granulocytes (55-90% of all WBCs) that trap pathogens in a net and phagocytose them.
  19. 36. Reticulo-endothelial system, a connective tissue network that surrounds all organs, inhabited by phagocytes.
  20. 39. Rare granulocytes (0.5% of WBCs) trained to fight parasites that sometimes cause allergy.
  21. 40. Cells that trap pathogens with tentacles.
Down
  1. 1. Slower inflammatory chemical that constricts bronchioles and floods them with fluid, increasing vascular permeability.
  2. 3. Microbe that causes disease.
  3. 5. Protein secreted by immune cells to start a fever (ex. CRP).
  4. 7. Lymphatic organ that filters blood and recycles dead/damaged RBCs.
  5. 8. Immunity that is acquired over the lifespan, a learned response to specific microbes.
  6. 10. Line of defense that includes physical and chemical barriers such as tears, saliva, mucus, acid, bile, earwax, cilia, urine, and vomit.
  7. 11. Gut-associated lymphoid tissue, aka "Peyer's patches".
  8. 12. B-cells and T-cells that can make memory cells to fight a pathogen faster at the next encounter.
  9. 13. Largest of the WBCs, they release cytokines and phagocytize pathogens and dead cells.
  10. 14. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue.
  11. 15. Vasodilation and edema that bring white blood cells, oxygen, and nutrients to the site of infection.
  12. 18. Skin-associated lymphoid tissue.
  13. 23. Cytokine that warns nearby cells of a viral infection, stimulating antiviral protein production.
  14. 27. Immunity present at birth, giving nonspecific resistance to infection.
  15. 32. Antigens on harmless nonliving substances.
  16. 34. Fast-acting inflammatory chemical that constricts smooth muscle and dilates blood vessels.
  17. 35. Literally "eating cells" - part of the second line of defense.
  18. 37. Line of defense that includes nonspecific immune cells and proteins.
  19. 38. Cell that surveils the body, recognizes microbes by contact, and attacks microbes.