Across
- 3. – Lymphoid tissues located in the throat that help trap and destroy bacteria and viruses entering through the mouth and nose.
- 4. Killer (NK) Cells – A type of immune cell that kills virus-infected cells and cancer cells without prior activation.
- 6. – Proteins released by virus-infected cells that help prevent the spread of infection by signaling nearby cells to strengthen their defenses.
- 8. – A slippery secretion produced by mucous membranes that traps pathogens and prevents infection.
- 9. (Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue) – A collection of lymphoid tissues found in mucosal membranes (such as the digestive, respiratory, and urogenital tracts) that protect against pathogens.
- 11. – Small proteins released by immune cells that regulate immunity, inflammation, and cell communication.
- 12. – A substance, often produced by bacteria, that induces fever by affecting the body's temperature regulation.
- 13. Patches – Clusters of lymphoid tissue in the small intestine that monitor and protect against pathogens in the digestive system.
- 14. – A large phagocytic cell that engulfs pathogens and dead cells and helps activate other immune responses.
- 17. Defenses – The body's first line of defense against pathogens, including physical barriers (skin, mucus) and immune responses like inflammation and fever.
- 18. Defenses – The body's specific immune responses, such as antibody production and memory cells, which provide long-term immunity.
- 19. – A type of white blood cell that engulfs and digests foreign invaders, such as bacteria and dead cells.
Down
- 1. – Microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that cause disease.
- 2. – A chemical released by cells in response to injury or allergens, causing blood vessels to dilate and increasing immune response.
- 5. – A type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in adaptive immunity, including B cells (produce antibodies) and T cells (destroy infected cells).
- 7. – An organ in the upper left abdomen that filters blood, removes old red blood cells, and helps in immune responses.
- 10. – A clear fluid containing white blood cells that helps in immune responses and returns proteins and excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream.
- 15. – A small, tube-like structure attached to the large intestine, believed to play a role in immune function, particularly in gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
- 16. – A protective response of the body to injury or infection, characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain.