Immunity System

2. A response in the second line of defence that raises body temperature to inhibit pathogen growth.
3. A process in which phagocytes engulf and digest pathogens.
7. A defensive process where an invading cell is broken apart by antibodies and complement proteins.
8. A foreign substance, usually a protein, that triggers an immune response.
9. Antibody action where soluble antigens form insoluble complexes.
12. The body’s ability to resist infection by harmful microorganisms.
13. Special lymphocytes that remain after infection and provide long-term protection.
14. A localised tissue response causing redness, heat, swelling, and pain.
17. This line of defence involves physical and chemical barriers.
18. Antibody action that coats pathogens to make them easier for phagocytes to recognise.

1. This line of defence involves fever, inflammation, and phagocytosis.
4. The first line of defence that uses secretions such as saliva, tears, and stomach acid.
5. The body’s first line of defence that blocks pathogens from entering, such as skin and mucous membrane.
6. A protein produced by lymphocytes that binds specifically to antigens.
10. This line of defence is highly specific and involves antibodies and memory cells.
11. Antibody action that coagulate antigens together for easier removal.
15. Antibody action that neutralises the harmful effects of toxins or viruses.
16. The general term for disease-causing microorganisms like bacteria and viruses.