Across
- 1. kills pathogens directly by forming a pore in pathogen membrane leading to lysis
- 3. type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
- 5. multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
- 9. binds mannose on pathogens & activates the lectin pathway of Complement & acts as an opsonin
- 10. part of the antibody where Fc receptors bind and so is responsible for antibody effector function (after antigen binding occurs)
- 16. designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
- 17. cell adhesion molecule
- 20. a cell that is able to present antigen via MHC molecules to T cell receptors on T cells
- 22. chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines with cell-attractant properties
- 23. helps in their communication with other cells
- 25. activate the expression of many pro-inflammatory genes
- 27. activate macrophages and promote CTL responses against intracellular pathogens
- 29. adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role of effector T cells
- 31. member of TNF receptor family expressed on certain cells that makes them susceptible to being killed by cells expressing the Fas ligand
- 32. acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine (a constituent of certain bacteria) that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
- 33. regions of the Ag binding loops of Ig molecules - Ab and T cell receptors that come into contact with Ag
- 34. present peptide antigens to T cells
- 35. autoimmune disease where autoantibodies form immune complexes
- 36. the receptors that chemokines bind to all cell attraction to specific areas of the body
- 37. bind to the IL-2 promoter to cause IL-2 transcription
- 38. a molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by Ab or B cell receptors OR a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptors
- 39. Ag receptor on T cells
- 41. immunoglobulin expressed on B cell surfaces
- 42. suppress or limit immune responses
- 44. a mechanism NK cells use to induce apoptosis in virally infected cells or tumor cells
Down
- 2. cell T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD4 which upon activation differentiate into distinct T helper phenotypes with different roles in adaptive immunity
- 4. the MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
- 6. complex made of 2 genes that are essential for Ig and TCR gene rearrangement
- 7. white blood cells with multi-lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
- 8. receptors that recognize PAMPs on pathogens and help initiate immune responses
- 10. transcription factor for Treg cell function
- 11. short DNA sequences that are the binding site for the RAG complex, allowing Ig and TCR gene rearrangement
- 12. involved in signal transduction
- 13. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD8 which upon activation differentiate into CTLs
- 14. bind to the Fc portion of IgG molecules & transmit activating signals in innate immunity & humoral immunity & ADCC
- 15. thymus-derived lymphocyte
- 17. CD8+ T cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
- 18. induces TH1 differentiation & activates macrophages & enhances expression of MHC and components involved in Ag processing & is a switch factor for certain Ig isotypes and inhibits TH2 response
- 19. binds lymphocytes and other leukocytes to certain cells
- 21. transcription factor that causes several hundred tissue-specific genes to be transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus
- 23. help cells to resist viral infections
- 24. acts as an effector cell in adaptive immune response
- 26. repeating molecular patterns on microbes that are recognized by PRRs on immune cells
- 27. stimulate B cells to produce antibodies against extracellular pathogens
- 28. bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
- 30. receptors that recognize and bind to PAMPs on microbes.
- 31. crystalized fragment of antibody that consist of the carboxy terminal halves of the 2 heavy chains disulfide-bonded to each other
- 39. a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages and T cells
- 40. antibodies and B-cell receptors protein family
- 43. slg on B cells that binds Ag and transmits signal 1 to activate B cells