Immunology

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Across
  1. 6. Leukocytes formed within the lymphatic system.
  2. 7. Immediate recognition (hours) using conserved epitopes. Containment and clearing of pathogens and co-activates adaptive immunity
  3. 11. Receptor that recognizes pathogenic epitopes and activates macrophages to phagocytize pathogens and release cytokines.
  4. 12. Cells that produce a single antibody type (clonality) to recognize extracellular epitopes and form immunological memory.
  5. 14. Cells and factors that contribute to immune system regulation.
  6. 16. ______ T-cells directly kill virus infected cells and interact with MHC Class 1 molecules (aka CD8= T-cells).
  7. 17. Molecules that present large extracellular peptide fragments in a peptide binding groove that are obtained from the endosomes of antigen presenting cells and are recognized by CD4= T-cells.
  8. 19. Cells that present foreign antigens to other cells (macrophages, dendritic cells, and B-cells).
  9. 21. Molecules that present small intracellular peptide fragments in a peptide binding groove that are obtained from production of peptides in the ER. Expressed in all somatic cells and recognized by CD8= T-cells.
  10. 23. Double chained receptor consisting of primarily (αβ) heterodimers capable of recognizing MHC molecules.
  11. 26. Two classes of variable regions of antibodies (κ and λ).
  12. 28. Recognition using pathogen-specific epitopes. Slower (when naïve) but targeted and more powerful approach. Co-activates innate immunity and serves a memory function.
Down
  1. 1. A range of variable region classes of antibodies (H) that extends into the constant region.
  2. 2. Mechanism by which antibody response is made specific through alternative RNA splicing and/or DNA recombination (constant region).
  3. 3. Are sentinel cells throughout the body continually taking up extracellular liquids. Activated by cytokines or TLR and travels to lymph nodes to recruit (B7) T-cells (cytokine differentiation).
  4. 4. Addition of non-templated nucleotides to joints between DNA segments.
  5. 5. Innate immune cells that phagocytize pathogens and release cytokines.
  6. 6. White blood cells.
  7. 8. Leukocytes with origin in tissues and blood.
  8. 9. Mechanism by which antibody response is made specific through directed mutation of AB variable region.
  9. 10. A pathogen that relies on host for nutrients.
  10. 13. Innate immune cells that kill antibody-coated parasites.
  11. 15. System of signal amplification using stabilization, recognition of lectin on bacterial membrane, and antibody mediated; involves the cleavage of C3 into C3a and C3b leading to pore formation.
  12. 18. Combinatorial use of DNA segments encoding variable region.
  13. 20. Utilization of integrins/ICAM to create strong binding interaction between MHC and TCR.
  14. 22. A pathogen that hijacks cellular machinery for protein translation and replication.
  15. 24. Pathogenic extracellular feature recognizable by immune system.
  16. 25. Innate immune cells that recognize pathogens through LPS receptors and TLRs. Phagocytize pathogens, release cytokines, and present MHC bound peptides.
  17. 27. ______ T-cells activate B-, T-cells, and effector cells and interact with MHC Class II molecules (aka CD4= T-cells TH1/TH2).
  18. 29. A double branched, antigen binding protein consisting of a constant, a variable, and a hyper-variable region. Serves as receptors for signal transduction for b-cells.