Across
- 4. Looking for the presence of antigens.
- 6. A major role in allergic reactions and stain with methylene blue.
- 8. responsible for burst release of preformed cytokines, chemokines and histamine.
- 9. Resistance developed in response to stimulus by an antigen and is characterized by the production of the antibodies by the host.
- 11. Lack CD4,CD8, specificity and memory.
- 13. Developed a vaccine against Pasteurella multocida.
- 16. These are materials prepared in animals or non human sources such as horses.
- 18. A method of giving antigen to stimulate the immune response through active immunization.
- 20. Agglutination of red blood cells.
- 21. One of the easiest serology tests.
- 23. An immuno-biological substance designed to produce specific protection against a given disease.
- 24. performed before exposure to an infectious agent.
- 25. Prepared by detoxifying the exotoxins of some bacteria rendering them antigenic but not pathogenic.
- 26. Promote the humoral immunity suppressing the cellular immunity.
- 27. Allergic reaction characterized by symptoms with fever, rash, joint pains occuring 7-12 days of injection of antiserum.
- 31. These are prepared from extracellular fractions.
- 34. Promote the cellular immunity suppressing the humoral immunity.
- 35. Is the percent at risk or susceptible individuals or population who have been fully immunized against particular diseases by vaccines or toxoids.
- 37. Made from live infectious agents without any amendment.
- 41. Induction of adaptive immune response with protection and memory.
- 42. A cell that hasn't be encountered with an antigen.
- 43. determines optimal antibody and antigen concentrations.
- 45. the ability of the immune system to control and regulate it own responses.
- 46. Express CD8.
- 48. Looking for antibodies that have formed against antigens.
- 50. Kill virus infected or transformed cells.
Down
- 1. Homeostatic regulator of inflammation and kills parasitic worms.
- 2. the route of administration for BCG and Sabine vaccines.
- 3. A unique determinant on an Ab usually formed by on or more hypervariable regions
- 5. Process of separating proteins in a mixture
- 7. A procedure deisgned to increase concentration of antibiotics and/or effector T-cells which are reactive against against infection.
- 10. It is the clumping of insoluble particles.
- 12. Formation & development of WBCs and RBCs from stem cells.
- 14. Transplental transfer of maternal Ig G antibodies to developing fetus.
- 15. Prepared by cloning HBsAg gene in yeast cells where it is expressed.
- 17. Cross-linking of antibodies with particulate antigen causes agglutination.
- 19. Administration of antigens from several pathogens.
- 22. These are usually done to evaluate the efficacy of the vaccines.
- 24. Route of administration for BCG vaccine.
- 28. Gives positive feedback regulation.
- 29. Use pathogens with reduced virulence and can result in mild infections.
- 30. Individual acquires immunity through the transfer of antibodies formed by immune individual or animal.
- 32. used to measure specific antibodies in a person's serum.
- 33. Macrophages of the lungs.
- 36. The person who discovered the process of vaccination.
- 38. Immunity conferred by an antibody produced in another host, it may be aquired naturally or artificially.
- 39. Viruses will kill appropriate cell cultures.
- 40. Performed during an active infection.
- 44. A system of storage and transport of vaccines at low temperature from the manufacturer to the actual vaccination site.
- 47. The study of body fluids.
- 49. Produced in the bone marrow and matures in the thymus.