Across
- 3. were used as workers and exploited in the work force.
- 6. invented by Edmund Cartwright. It increased the speed of the weaving process.
- 8. changed from small, single-family subsistence farms to larger farms that produced crops for market.
- 9. changed from self- and animal- powered modes such as walking, horses, and wagons to Clipper Ships, steam ships and railroads.
- 12. Fueled by coal, it created a reliable, unlimited and movable power source for machines.
- 14. Invented by James Hargreaves. It allowed workers to spin 16 spindles of yam at a time.
Down
- 1. had large supplies of coal for fuel and raw materials from the colonies.
- 2. changed from home or cottage industries to factories where machines run by steam power and workers mass-produce goods inexpensively and quickly.
- 4. Invented by Richard Arkwright. It is similar to Spinning Jenny, but powered by water, it made better thread at a faster rate.
- 5. became a growing industry to fuel machines and modes of transportation.
- 7. changed from small, farming communities to over-crowded industrial centers plagued by the problems of urbanization.
- 10. he invented the first commercially successful steamboat in the United States.
- 11. A French chemist who discovered the process of pasteurization and its benefits.
- 13. invented by John Kay. It replaced the hand loom and allowed weavers to work twice as fast.
- 15. A Scottish engineer who created a steam engine to run machinery.