Across
- 5. a change in the allele frequency in a population
- 7. an individual can not evolve, evolution happens to an entire _____ over time
- 10. this term for DNA and RNA can also be the target of some antibiotics
- 11. all agents that act against microorganisms, namely bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa
- 12. these cell parts make protein and can be disrupted by some antibiotics
- 14. Alexander ____ first discovered that mold make antibiotics
- 16. the earliest cellular life on earth resembled what today we call bacteria and archaea
- 18. an antibiotic that kills the bacteria
- 20. wall This outer layer of the bacteria can be impacted by some antibiotics
- 21. spectrum antibiotics are preferred since they will have fewer side effects
Down
- 1. this is when the DNA of an organism changes and if it is passed to future generations it can cause the populations genetics to change - evolve
- 2. an antibiotic that stops bacterial growth but does not kill the cells. The human immune system is then needed to clear the infection.
- 3. these pathogens cause illnesses like Covid - but can not be treated with antibiotics
- 4. ___ spectrum antibiotics instead inhibit a wider range of bacteria
- 6. versions of this treatment have been used by humans for a long time in many cultures, they prepare the immune system to fight pathogens
- 8. are produced naturally by microorganisms and kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms, mainly bacteria.
- 9. ____spectrum antibiotics are more specific and only active against certain groups or strains of bacteria
- 13. when new individuals enter the population and bring new genes into the gene pool
- 15. the first organisms to make antibiotics were not humans but were a type of fungus we call ____
- 17. natural ____ is when certain traits/genes are favored for survival in an environment so the population evolves to be more adapted.
- 19. genetic ____ is when the genetics of a population change (it evolves) due to random events