Across
- 1. a shape of a distribution that has two peaks or modes
- 4. type of special density curve that is symmetric, single-peaked, and bell-shaped
- 9. a chart that is a visual representation of the five number summary
- 10. bias that occurs when some members of the population are less likely to be chosen or cannot be chosen for the sample
- 11. the percent of values in a distribution that are less than the individual's data value
- 13. values that divided an ordered data set into four groups of roughly the same number of values
- 14. when the bad design of a statistical study is very likely to underestimate or very likely to overestimate the value you want to know
- 15. the average of a distribution
- 17. in a statistical study, it is the entire group of individuals we want information about
- 19. table that frequencies or relative frequencies that summarizes relationship between two categorical variables
- 20. variable that measures the outcome of a study (the effect)
- 23. the middle of a distribution, either the median or the mean
- 25. abbreviation for the distance between the first and third quartiles
- 27. bias that occurs when there is a consistent pattern of inaccurate responses to a survey question
- 30. models a real-world situation by generating random integers to mimic the uncertainty of which outcome will actually occur
- 33. the midpoint of a distribution
- 34. a circular statistical graph which is divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportion
- 41. use of a regression line for predictions inside the range of x values
- 44. two words (together) that describe two events where it's impossible for them to happen at the same time
- 46. rule that says if you add up the probabilities of all possible outcomes, you should get 100%
- 49. the science and art of collecting, analyzing and drawing conclusions from data
- 51. a collection of outcomes
- 52. type of biased sample that consists of individuals from the population who are easy to reach
- 53. a chart that tells us values that variable takes and how often it takes these values
- 56. the amount by which the predicted value of y changes when x increases by 1 unit
- 57. a graph that shows each data value as a dot above its location on a number line
- 58. description of a measure of center or variability that is not influenced by outliers
- 63. a line that models how a response variable y changes as an explanatory variables x changes
- 64. rule that says the probability of an event not happening is 1 minus the probability of an event happening
- 66. a shape of a distribution where the right side is approximately a mirror image of the left side
- 68. the result of a trial
- 69. any attribute that can take different values for different individuals
- 70. a chart that shows each data value separated into two parts: a stem, which consists of all but the final digit, and a leaf, the final digit
- 71. a measure r between -1 and 1 of the strength and direction
Down
- 2. type of study that observes individuals and measures variables of interest, but does not attempt to influence the response
- 3. a person, animal, or thing described in a set of data
- 5. a group in an experiment that is used to provide a baseline for comparing the effects of other treatments
- 6. a guess of what value the response variable y will have for a given value of x
- 7. use of a regression line for predictions outside the range of x values
- 8. a table that shows the number of individuals having each data value
- 12. a data value that falls outside the overall pattern or shape of a distribution
- 16. variables that are labels, which place each individual into a particular group, called a category
- 18. a pictorial representation of categorical data using bars, columns, or strips
- 21. can be either linear or non-linear
- 22. standardized score that says how many standard deviations from the mean the value falls
- 24. bias that occurs when an individual chosen for the sample can’t be contacted or refuses to participate
- 26. a table that shows the proportion or percent of individuals having each data value
- 28. the predicted value of y when x = 0
- 29. type of special density curve with roughly equal frequencies for all values
- 31. a specific condition applied to the individuals in an experiment
- 32. variables that are quantities, counts or measurements
- 35. variable that help predicts or explains changes in a response variable (the cause)
- 36. type of study that deliberately imposes treatments (conditions) on individuals to measure their responses
- 37. sample "blank", the collect of all possible outcomes
- 38. the most frequently occurring data value
- 39. the extent to which data points in a data set diverge (vary) from the average and each other
- 40. can be positive, negative, or none (zero)
- 42. a situation which we know what outcomes could happen but which don't know which particular outcome will happen
- 43. when the change in one variable directly causes a change in another variable
- 45. type of bar chart that shows two categorical variables
- 47. each occasion that we attempt or observe a random phenomenon
- 48. can be either strong, moderate, or weak
- 49. a shape of a distribution where one side is much longer than the other side
- 50. a chart that shows relationship between two quantitative variables using dots
- 52. relationship between two variables when they are associated in such a way that their effects on a response variable cannot be distinguished from each other
- 53. type of curve / graph that models the distribution of a quantitative variable and has an area of 1
- 54. type of study that collects data from every individual in the population
- 55. phenomenon where some subjects in an experiment will respond favorably to any treatment, even an inactive treatment
- 59. a subset of individuals in the population from which we collect data
- 60. the difference between an actual value of y and the predicted value of y
- 61. type of experiment either the subject and/or the experimenter don't know which treatment a subject gets
- 62. a chart for quantitative variables that shows each interval as a bar
- 65. rule that says 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean
- 67. the distance between minimum value and maximum value