Introduction to the Cryosphere

1. If the Greenland Ice Sheet melted, sea level would rise by____meters
3. These types of glaciers flow far enough to reach out into the sea.
5. Process by which ice breaks off a glacier's terminus.
7. Cover 10% of the world's land.
8. Ground that stays frozen for at least two years in a row.
9. Permanent floating sheet of ice that connect to a landmass.
10. ________________ circulation can be disrupted if the ocean surface receives a layer of fresh water.
13. The Arctic sea ice ____________ marks the day, each year, when the sea ice extent is at its lowest.
14. The frozen places on our planet.
15. The cryosphere expands during the ______ months.
17. Eighty percent of the sunlight that strikes sea ice is ________ back into space.

1. Made from frozen seawater, it does not raise sea level when it melts.
2. This can make permanently frozen ground expand by 50 percent.
4. An _______ is extracted from ice sheets and ice caps to learn about past changes in Earth’s climate.
6. Much of the land in the continental United States is __________ frozen ground.
11. _________ ice contains much less brine and more air pockets than first-year ice. Less brine means "stiffer" ice that is more difficult for icebreakers to navigate and clear.
12. Pool on an iceberg surface created when warm air melts snow and ice.
13. The organic matter frozen in the permafrost is a source of __________.
16. Almost 90% of an _______ is below water—only about 10% shows above water.