ISLAM & AFRICAN EMPIRES

4. The world's largest hot desert, located in North Africa.
8. Medieval library and academy in Baghdad, a center of learning during the Islamic Golden Age.
10. Founder of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the last prophet of God.
12. Successor to Muhammad as a political and religious leader of the Islamic community.
14. Desert animal known for its ability to endure long journeys.
16. Religion founded by Muhammad.
20. Holiest city in Islam, birthplace of Muhammad.
21. Wealthy emperor of the Mali Empire, known for his pilgrimage to Mecca.
22. One of the two main branches of Islam, holding different beliefs from Sunni Muslims.
24. Market or bazaar, common in Middle Eastern and North African cities.

1. Route Path followed by traders carrying goods between regions or countries.
2. Fertile areas in deserts, often containing water and vegetation.
3. A person regarded as an inspired teacher or proclaimer of the will of God.
5. Ancient West African kingdom known for its gold and trade routes.
6. City in Saudi Arabia, the second holiest city in Islam.
7. Precious metal highly valued for currency and trade.
9. Holy book of Islam.
11. Bakr Close companion and father-in-law of Muhammad, the first caliph.
13. Pilgrimage to Mecca, one of the Five Pillars of Islam.
15. Cube-shaped structure in Mecca, Islam's most sacred mosque.
17. One of the two main branches of Islam, comprising the majority of Muslims.
18. Ancient city in Mali, known as a center of learning and trade.
19. Capital city of Syria, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.
20. West African empire known for its wealth and Timbuktu.
23. Cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, considered the fourth caliph by Sunni Muslims and the first imam by Shia Muslims.