issues and debates key terms

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Across
  1. 1. – The idea that both nature and nurture work together to shape behaviour.
  2. 4. – The view that behaviour is the product of innate biological or genetic factors.
  3. 6. – A type of gender bias that minimises or ignores differences between men and women.
  4. 11. – The tendency to judge other cultures by the standards and values of one’s own culture.
  5. 12. – Explaining behaviour by breaking it down into simpler components.
  6. 15. – Explaining behaviour as a whole system rather than as individual parts.
  7. 18. – The view that all behaviour has a cause and can be predicted.
  8. 21. – Explaining behaviour in biological terms (genes, hormones, brain structures).
  9. 23. – Focuses on understanding individual behaviour through in-depth study of single cases.
  10. 24. – The idea that behaviour is shaped by environmental influences such as upbringing or learning.
Down
  1. 2. – A type of gender bias that exaggerates differences between men and women.
  2. 3. – The idea that behaviour should be judged within the context of the culture in which it occurs.
  3. 5. – The study of how environmental factors can influence gene expression without changing the DNA sequence.
  4. 6. – The idea that behaviour is caused by biological influences such as genetics, hormones, or brain structure.
  5. 7. – The view that behaviour has causes but people also have some conscious control over their actions.
  6. 8. – A model suggesting that a genetic predisposition (diathesis) interacts with environmental stressors to produce behaviour.
  7. 9. – Explaining behaviour in terms of stimulus–response links learned through experience.
  8. 10. – The belief that humans can make their own choices and are not determined by internal or external forces.
  9. 13. – When male behaviour is taken as the norm, and female behaviour is judged as abnormal or deviant by comparison.
  10. 14. – The view that behaviour is the result of environmental influences and experiences.
  11. 16. – The idea that behaviour is driven by unconscious conflicts, as suggested by Sigmund Freud.
  12. 17. – Seeks to produce general laws of behaviour through the study of large groups and statistical analysis.
  13. 19. – Viewing the world only from the perspective of one’s own culture, which is seen as superior.
  14. 20. – The tendency to treat one gender differently from the other, leading to distorted views of behaviour (e.g. assuming findings from men apply equally to women).
  15. 22. – The idea that behaviour is controlled by internal or external forces rather than an individual’s will.