Key Biology Terms

1. an enzyme that unwinds the double helix and separates the two strands
3. the structure of two DNA strands wound together (2 words)
5. when the cell membrane forms a pocket around what it wants to ingest and engulfs it forming a vesicle
7. the organelle that puts proteins together
9. the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules
10. phase of mitosis where daughter chromosomes separate
12. the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules
14. a fatty acid with single bonds between all of its carbon atoms (3 words)
16. the synthesis of polypeptides on ribosomes
18. helps to explain the evolution of eukaryotic cells (3 words)
19. this strand is made continuously in DNA (2 words)
20. the organelle that breaks things down so that their parts can be reused by the cell
21. these aid in the process of supercoiling DNA
22. a chain of amino acids
25. where DNA is stored in the cell
26. the process of cell division

1. "water-fearing"
2. when things go through a cell membrane using energy from the cell; proceeds against the concentration gradient (2 words)
3. full name of DNA (2 words)
4. a group of proteins that makes sure the cell moves on to the next stage of the cycle when appropriate
6. number of parts a nucleotide consists of
8. binding site in membranes
9. two individuals that created the first model of the structure of DNA (3 words)
11. woman who provided evidence using x-ray diffraction to show that DNA was a helix (2 words)
13. when the concentration of a substance is lower outside a cell; causes the cell to swell up
15. the web of all the enzyme catalyzed reactions in a cell
17. one of the four bases of DNA
18. the synthesis of mRNA copied from the DNA base sequences by RNA polymerase
23. enzyme that links nucleotides together to form a new strand
24. an example of a carbohydrate