Key Information to Understand Cell Communication

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Across
  1. 1. Signaling substances exchange directly between the _____ of two adjacent cells via channels during direct contact
  2. 4. Communication by cell-cell contact
  3. 5. domain inside the cell that transmits a signal
  4. 7. Protein that recognizes and binds to specific chemical messengers
  5. 9. Receptor/antigen interaction in the immune system is an example (2 words)
  6. 11. Signaling cell releases chemical messages that travel a short distance through the extracellular fluid, causing a response in a nearby target cell
  7. 12. first stage of cell-to-cell signaling
  8. 14. Macrophage cells releasing cytokines that can signal to the macrophage itself to regulate activity is an example
  9. 19. Channels connecting adjacent animal cells
  10. 20. third stage of cell-to-cell signaling
  11. 23. Insulin being released by the pancreas into the bloodstream where it circulates through the body and binds to target cells is an example (2 words)
  12. 24. Channels connecting adjacent plant cells
  13. 25. Binds to the receptor during cell signaling
  14. 26. enzymes that relay and amplify the message by transferring a phosphate group from ATP to a protein
Down
  1. 2. Occurs in animal nervous systems, type of paracrine signaling
  2. 3. Used in long-distance signaling to produce a response in target cells that may be far from the signaling cell
  3. 6. most common type of receptor involved in signal pathways (3 words, no spaces)
  4. 8. Specialized animal cells release hormones into the circulatory system where they reach target cells
  5. 10. domain that interacts with the ligand
  6. 11. Mast cells releasing histamine upon exposure to allergens that signal for an inflammatory response in nearby cells is an example
  7. 13. hydrophobic domain that spans the plasma membrane
  8. 15. second stage of cell-to-cell signaling
  9. 16. cell surface receptors that activate regulatory proteins known as G proteins
  10. 17. Complementary cell-surface molecules between adjacent cells can interact and _____ to each other
  11. 18. A cell signals to itself
  12. 21. Cell-to-cell communication involves the transmission of _____ from a sending cell to a receiving cell
  13. 22. enzymes that remove phosphate groups from proteins