Across
- 5. a forestry or logging practice that involves harvesting and removing all or most trees from a designated area at one time to create even-aged stands
- 7. wood prepared for building and carpentry, or growing trees suitable for structural use
- 8. the natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands that have been depleted, usually through tree planting, seeding, or natural regeneration
- 9. the cutting, processing, and transportation of timber, often specifically for land clearing to establish agricultural plantations, cattle ranches, or small-scale farming
- 10. trees or stands that have passed the age of optimum, rapid growth and merchantable maturity
- 11. the practice of implementing consistent, machine-readable formats for application logs, rather than free-form text
Down
- 1. forests that have attained a great age without significant human disturbance
- 2. the cutting down of trees and clearing of forests to make space for urban sprawl, infrastructure, and the expansion of human settlements
- 3. the reduction in a forest’s capacity to provide ecosystem services—such as carbon storage, biodiversity, and wood products—due to human-induced or natural causes, without changing the land use
- 4. the permanent removal or clearing of forests and trees, converting land for non-forest uses such as agriculture, grazing, mining, or urban development
- 6. a large-scale, mechanized form of timber harvesting designed to extract maximum, commercially valuable wood fiber—such as timber, sawlogs, and pulpwood—for commercial products like lumber, furniture, and paper